Open up the channel for farmers to become blue-collar middle-income groups through reform

The decision of the third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward that the dual structure of urban and rural areas is the main obstacle to the integration of urban and rural areas. We must improve the system and mechanism, form a new type of urban-rural relationship of promoting agriculture by industry, leading rural areas by cities, mutual benefit between workers and farmers, and the integration of urban and rural areas, so that the broad masses of farmers can equally participate in the modernization process and share the fruits of modernization. " At present, China is entering the period of economic and social structure adjustment and the second half of the accelerated stage of urbanization, which provides a new opportunity for the majority of farmers to transform into urban blue-collar middle-income groups. However, there are still many obstacles for farmers to become blue-collar middle-income groups. How to get through the channel for farmers to become blue-collar middle-income groups is an urgent problem to be solved.

It is important and urgent to open the channel for farmers to become blue-collar middle-income groups.

In the process of modernization all over the world, the change of social stratum, especially the rise and growth of the middle class, is a universal phenomenon. The middle class is not only the product of industrialization and modernization, but also the result of social transformation. In order to "expand the proportion of middle-income people", to build a stable "middle-class society", we must expand the social source base of middle-income groups. At present, as the source of blue-collar middle-income groups in China, the ranks of farmers are growing. The transformation of economic structure, the promotion of population urbanization and the reform of income distribution system have brought opportunities for farmers to become blue-collar middle-income groups. To build a stable "middle-class society" and expand the social source base of middle-income groups, it is urgent to break down the "barriers" that prevent farmers from becoming blue-collar middle-class and open the channel for farmers to become blue-collar middle-income groups.

Obstacles that restrict farmers from becoming blue-collar middle-income groups

First, farmers' property income is on the low side. For a long time, farmers only have the right to contracted management of land, rental and sale of houses are subject to legal restrictions, and investment channels are narrow. Farmers not only have less total income, but also have a single source of property income. In addition, there are some problems, such as the regional gap of farmers' property income, the imbalance of property income among farmers, the incoordination of property income between farmers and urban residents, and so on.

Second, the identity of farmers is restricted. The key to promoting farmers to become blue-collar middle-income groups is to promote the citizenization of migrant workers. However, the actual situation is that when migrant workers enter the city for employment, they cannot enjoy the same treatment as urban people in terms of labor and social security, and cannot realize a fundamental change in the identity of farmers. there are all kinds of discrimination and restrictions in household registration, employment, housing and education.

Third, the unfavorable political status of farmers. China's Constitution gives farmers a special constitutional status, which means that farmers have a higher political status in a normative sense. However, the special status of farmers stipulated in the Constitution is mostly literal. In reality, the real social status of farmers is not high. Farmers are in a weak position in terms of political rights and political participation, and the phenomena such as indifference of political emotion, ambiguity of political cognition and lack of investment in political behavior are common.

Fourth, the development of farmers' vocational skills training system lags behind. Two hundred and three of China's industrial workers are migrant workers. Strengthening the vocational skills training of migrant workers is the key to promote the transfer and income of labor force and integrate into the urban mainstream society. However, the development of vocational skills training system for farmers lags behind. On the one hand, the main body of industrial workers has changed from urban residents to migrant workers, the social status of Chinese industrial workers continues to decline, and the original relatively perfect vocational skills certification system and the "apprenticeship" training system within the enterprise are almost disintegrated. On the other hand, the agricultural population and migrant workers who are in urgent need of vocational skills training cannot enjoy cheap and high-quality vocational skills education.

The Deep-seated reasons for the obstruction of Peasants' rising Channel

First, the lack of supply of property rights system. China's urban and rural land property rights system, housing property rights system, capital property rights system are inconsistent. The defects of the current rural land system "insulate" farmers from land property income, and farmers are unable to turn them into capital that can increase their value. Farmers' housing, land and other resources are lack of legal property rights system as a guarantee. Rural houses, land and other property rights certification is not perfect, and there is no trading platform.

Second, the restriction of urban resource supply. The city can not meet the needs of a large number of migrant workers for employment opportunities after turning to citizens. Limited housing resources make cities restrict migrant workers to become citizens by setting higher housing access conditions. Many cities prevent migrant workers from becoming new citizens through restrictions on educational opportunities.

Third, the political status of farmers is relatively weak. On the one hand, many farmers lack the material basis for political participation, on the other hand, they pay more attention to their own immediate material interests, and their enthusiasm to participate in politics is not high. The election system is not perfect, and a sound operating mechanism and procedure for farmers to participate in politics has not yet been formed. The degree of organization of farmers is relatively low, the lack of a real spokesman for interests, reducing the ability of farmers to participate in politics.

Fourth, the education and training system is not perfect. Lack of unified organization and management organization of migrant workers' education and training services, lack of overall planning and coordination of farmers' education and training. The supervision system of farmers' education and training is not perfect, and there is a lack of efficient services for farmers' education and training. The lack of standardized assessment and evaluation mechanism also affects the quality of migrant workers' training.

Ideas and Countermeasures of opening up Peasants to become Blue-collar Middle-income groups

First, deepen the reform of the rural property rights system and improve the property income of farmers. It is necessary to give farmers more property rights, expand the sources of their total income through various channels, and increase their property income. To ensure the income of farmers' homestead and housing property. Actively explore the "three rights" mortgage loans of land contract right, management right and use right.

Second, we should promote the integration of urban and rural areas and improve the capacity of cities to accommodate farmers to become blue-collar middle-income groups. It is necessary to speed up the construction of urban infrastructure and enhance the city's capacity for new citizens. We will speed up the reform of the household registration system, promote the integration of urban and rural public services, and promote the flow of more rural surplus labor to cities and towns. We will vigorously develop urban service industries and emerging industries, and increase urban jobs and employment opportunities for migrant workers. We will promote the construction of a welfare security system such as housing for migrant workers and relieve them of their worries. Expand the capacity of urban educational resources to solve the educational problems of migrant workers' children.

Third, promote the reform of the social structure and improve the political status of farmers. Caring for migrant workers in politics, life, work and security is a livelihood project that the party and the government should focus on. We should strengthen the construction of the legal system, open up and dredge the channels for farmers' political participation, and strive to protect farmers' democratic rights. Give full play to the role of the media and guide society to pay wide attention to the rights and interests of the new generation of migrant workers. Strengthen the construction of social organizations and provide a platform for farmers to safeguard their interests and express their aspirations. Strengthen the ideological and political education of farmers and constantly improve their own cultural quality and political literacy.

Fourth, establish a vocational skills education and training system suited to industrial development. First, we should rebuild the vocational skills certification system to solve the problem of incentives for farmers' vocational skills training; second, we should rebuild the labor and employment protection and the "apprenticeship" training system within the unit; and third, we should break the isolation between urban and rural areas and regional isolations. establish a national unified vocational school training system for farmers to enhance their professional competitiveness.

In short, it is necessary to open the channel for farmers to become blue-collar middle-income groups, enable farmers to smoothly join the ranks of blue-collar industrial workers, form powerful blue-collar middle-income groups, and strive to build an "olive-type affluent" society. to achieve long-term stability and sustainable development of the country.