The latest course of planting techniques and methods of tree grape

Tree grape scientific name Jiabao fruit, also known as Zhenbao fruit, pseudo-love god tree, etc., native to South America, for the myrtle family Eros tree is an evergreen shrub, suitable for bonsai and garden trees, the fruit is not only edible, but also for people to enjoy. It is very suitable for balcony pot planting, garden landscape or pot planting. Let's take a look at the planting technology of tree grape.

Growth habits of tree grape

Tree grape is suitable for growing in cooler tropical and subtropical climates with moderate to high rainfall. Most varieties can withstand low temperatures of-2.8℃, while some varieties can withstand low temperatures of-4.4℃. Solar tree species, need all-day sunshine, or withstand a little shade, require moist soil, but avoid stagnant water and can withstand short-term drought. It has strong adaptability to soil, but the slightly acidic (pH5.5~6.5) sandy loam with deep soil layer, fertile soil and good drainage is the best, which grows poorly on calcareous soil and is not resistant to salt and alkali.

Propagation technology of tree grape

1. Seed propagation: seed propagation is the most important propagation method of tree grape at present, and fresh seed germination is better. The fruit was stored in a plastic bag after harvest and refrigerated at 5: 8 ℃. When sowing, the seeds were taken out and washed and sown. The cold storage could last for 1-2 months, and still had a certain germination rate. The seeds germinated 20-40 days after sowing, and germinated slowly when the temperature was low.

2. Grafting propagation: it takes 6 to 10 years for the seedlings of most grape varieties to begin to bear fruit, and the grafting method can be used for early fruiting and about 3 years after grafting. Biennial seedlings are selected as rootstocks and annual branches are cut from fruiting mother trees as scions. The survival rate of cutting or relying on grafting is higher in autumn and winter, and the grafting rate is poor after March to April, and grafting is not easy to succeed in summer.

3. Cuttage propagation: tree grape is not easy to survive by cutting. it is a typical species that is difficult to root in China. It can be cut with semi-hardwood (2 sections and 4 leaves) in May every year, soaked in NAA2000ppm, and rooting rate can reach 90% with peat soil as rooting medium. However, in foreign studies, 10 cm long cuttings with 3 or 4 pairs of mature leaves were best cut in the medium of sand mixed peat soil (proportion 1:1). Cutting 4 cuttings at the base of cuttings and IBA1000ppm treatment could promote rooting.

Planting technology of tree grape

1. Management at seedling stage: after sprouting, double buds, multiple buds and too weak buds are wiped off, and after forming new shoots, iron wires are tied to both sides, and the shoots are fixed according to 15-20 cm spacing and sprayed on Huawang No. 3 in time, which can effectively control shoot growth, promote more flower branches, promote flower bud differentiation, effectively balance the size of flowers and ears, and save the annoyance of thinning flowers and fruits.

2. Rational fertilization: tree grape planting should be timely topdressing according to the growth stage, that is, flower and fruit fertilizer, fruit expansion fertilizer, coloring fertilizer and postharvest fertilizer, and pay special attention to the reasonable matching of N, P, K and other fertilizers to ensure a balanced supply of nutrients. The mixture of farm manure and orange stalk should be fully ripened after high temperature fermentation for more than 60 days.

3. Timely pruning: the growth of tree grape fruit is slow, and there is no need for strong pruning at ordinary times, but in order to control plant height and potted tree type, it is appropriate to prune the branches with exuberant growth at the top. In general, it is recommended to trim the low and internal thin and short branches in order to shape the tree type with ventilated and beautiful branches, and the dense or overgrown branches can be trimmed in autumn and winter.

4. pest management: there are few diseases and insect pests in grape cultivation in China, and pesticides are rarely used in management, but they are vulnerable to bird damage during the fruiting period, so they can cover the periphery of the plant with a black net or set up a net room to prevent bird food, and double-layer newspapers can also be used to bag the fruit. If the poisonous moth larvae harm the leaves, the plant protection manual can be recommended for control.