Where is the origin of the latest red Fuji apples?

Red Fuji apple originated in southeastern Europe, Turkey and the Caucasus, and was introduced into Shandong in China around 1870. Red Fuji apple was introduced and bred in Zhucheng since 1982. A total of five single lines of Changfu 1, Changfu 2, Changfu 6, Qiufu 1 and Yanfu 10 have been introduced, which has become one of the earliest counties and cities in Shandong Province to develop Red Fuji apple production, and has been widely cultivated in Liaoning, North and Northwest provinces in recent years.

Fuji apple was introduced into China in 1966. In the spring of 1980, the Ministry of Agriculture organized relevant experts to visit Japan, selectively introduced seedlings and scions of several colored Fuji strains, such as Changfu 2, Qiufu 1 and Changfu 6, and arranged for systematic observation and research in a number of pilot projects in the main apple producing areas. Now Fuji apple has developed nearly one million hectares in China, and it has replaced the late ripening variety Guoguang in Liaoning, Shandong, Hebei, Beijing, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Tianjin, Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui, Gansu and other provinces and cities.

The cold resistance of Red Fuji is weak, which is significantly lower than that of Guoguang, Shouhong, New Jonagin and other varieties. Freezing injury and young trees are often found in Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong and other places. Branch ring disease and rough skin disease occur seriously in poorly drained and acidic soils. In addition, annular cracking is easy to occur in fruit pedicel depressions in high-temperature and humid areas. It is suitable to be popularized to the north of Lixiahe Gaoping area in Jiangsu Province and to the south of Gai County-Xing City-Jianchang County in Zhuanghe County, Liaoning Province, and to the east of Qingyang, Tianshui and Pingliang areas in Gansu Province. The old route of the Yellow River is the economic cultivation area of Fuji apple. Suitable for planting sandy loam, the soil layer is required to be deep, generally more than 80 cm, and the content of soil organic matter is more than 2%.