The latest breeding methods of Ginkgo biloba

Ginkgo biloba likes deep loam with proper moisture and good drainage, which is suitable for growing in subtropical monsoon areas with superior hydrothermal conditions, and can grow well in acidic soil and calcareous soil, while neutral or slightly acidic soil is the most suitable, where it is not resistant to stagnant water. it is more resistant to drought and grows poorly only in too dry places and stony slopes or low humid places. Let's take a look at the breeding methods of ginkgo trees.

Grafting propagation

Grafting propagation is the main propagation method in the cultivation of Ginkgo biloba, which can bear fruit early and make the plant dwarf, plump and high yield. it is generally grafted by subcutaneous branch grafting, peeling grafting or cutting grafting from the middle of March to the first ten days of April. Most of the scions were selected from 20-30-year-old plants with strong growth and exuberant fruit. generally, about 4 short branches on 3-4-year-old branches were selected as scions, each plant was grafted with 3-5 branches and began to bear fruit 5-8 years after grafting.

Sowing and reproduction

Sowing and propagation are mostly used for large-area greening seedlings or for making clump-type bonsai. After the seeds are harvested in autumn, the outer seed coat is removed and the seeds with pericarp are dried so that they can be sowed in winter or in spring the following year. If sowing in spring, mixed sand stratification must be carried out to accelerate sprouting. When sowing, put the seed germ horizontally in the sowing ditch. After sowing, the soil is 3-4 cm thick and compacted, and the seedlings can grow to 15-25 cm high in the same year. After the leaves fall in autumn, they can be transplanted. However, it should be noted that the nursery bed should choose areas with good drainage to prevent stagnant water from causing the seedlings to rot near the ground.

Cuttage propagation

1. Old branch cutting: generally, 1-or 2-year-old strong and substantial branches on the mother plant are cut from March to April in spring, cut into cuttings 10 to 15 centimeters long, cut in fine yellow sand or loose soil, pour enough water after cutting, keep the soil moist, and take root in about 40 days. After the survival, carry on the normal management, can be transplanted in the spring of the second year, this method is suitable for large area greening and seedling raising and so on.

2. Softwood cuttings: in early July, take off the semi-lignified branches of the same year, cut them into two-bud cuttings or three-bud cuttings, soak them with 100 mg / kg ABT rooting powder, insert the permeable sandy soil seedbed, pay attention to shade, maintain air humidity, and then transplant with soil after rooting.

Tillering propagation

The roots of big trees are easy to produce a large number of sprouting tillers, and if they are allowed to grow naturally for many years, they can form a ginkgo garden landscape of "holding children in their arms". If cutting off roots and tillers to breed seedlings, it will not only save seeds, but also grow fast and blossom and bear fruit early. tiller propagation can be done by cutting off the original roots and digging trenches to promote the propagation of new tillers.

The main results are as follows: 1. the original root tiller cutting propagation: the original root tiller cutting propagation is the easiest method. In July and August every year, circular peeling is carried out at the root tiller stem and then the soil is cultivated. After more than one month, the new root can be sent out, and the mother can be cut off and planted directly in the spring of the second year.

2. Digging trenches, cutting roots and promoting new tillers: in autumn, at the appropriate place near the big ginkgo tree, dig annular ditches 50 cm deep and 50 cm wide, cut off the lateral roots, and then fill the soil mixed with fertilizer, and grow for one year to form new seedlings. The seedlings propagated by tillers can be planted directly and do not need to be cultivated in the nursery, so it is called tillering seedlings, which is actually tillering.