The latest breeding methods of hazelnut

Hazelnut is a plant of the genus Corylus of Betulaceae, born in the shrub on the shady slope of the mountain at an altitude of 200 to 1000 meters above sea level. It has strong cold resistance, likes humid climate, likes light, and sufficient light can promote its growth, development and fruit. the main methods of reproduction are sowing, splitting, root tillering and striping nursery. Let's take a look at the breeding methods of hazelnut.

Sowing and reproduction

In the wild hazel forest, the trees with high yield, large fruit and no diseases and insect pests were selected as the mother tree, and the hazelnuts with large grains, full kernels and no diseases and insect pests were selected for sowing. The germination ability of hazel seeds was maintained for 1 year. The sowing time is appropriate in spring, usually in the middle and last ten days of April. The row spacing is 60 cm, the plant spacing is 6 cm, the bed spacing is 20 cm, and the plant spacing is 5 cm. When sowing, first make a trench on the flattened surface, with a depth of 5cm to 6cm. Then sow the pure seeds screened by wet sand into the bottom of the ditch according to the row spacing mentioned above, cover the soil by 3cm and press it slightly.

Ramet propagation

There are two methods of ramet propagation: one is to dig up all the mother plants and divide them into several clumps or individual plants, each of which has roots and 1 branch. Second, the root tiller was dug around the mother plant cluster, and several plants were separated, and the mother plant was still retained. Ramet seedlings should retain 20 cm of root segments and have a certain number of fibrous roots. After the ramet seedlings leave the mother, they should cut short branches, leave 15cm to 20cm long, and immediately fake planting to keep them moist and prevent water loss.

Root tiller propagation

There are two methods of root tiller propagation: one is to dig the root tillers around the existing plants to obtain seedlings. The second is to breed in a special mother garden. The mother plant to be propagated should be planted flat in spring to promote root tillering in the plant cluster. During the growing period, adequate fertilizer and water supply should be ensured and properly cut so that the root tillers are not too dense, which not only ensures the good growth of root tillers, but also facilitates the digging of seedlings in autumn.

Striping propagation

1. Horizontal striping: it can be carried out in autumn or spring, but it is the most suitable in spring. Pull the exuberant annual branches horizontally, lay them on the ground, and fix them without pressing the soil. Carefully protect the leaf buds and make them germinate. In this way, almost all buds can grow into new buds on the horizontal plane. When the new plant is slightly longer than 10-15 cm, wrap 2-3 circles of soft iron wire on each node of the annual branch (that is, the base of each new branch) to promote the formation of new roots. Then the new soil was raised to 2/3 of the height, and then the soil was recultivated for 1 or 2 times according to the new growth height. After falling leaves in autumn, each node is cut to form a seedling with a vertical new point and a root system at the base.

2. Bow crimping: bow crimping is divided into hardbranch crimping and tender twig crimping.

① hardbranch crimping: the hardbranch crimping is carried out in early spring, digging ditches 15-20 cm deep around the plants, sprinkling the matured farm manure mixed with soil into the ditch, keeping the ditch 10-15 cm deep. The distance between the trench and the base of the plant clump is that the lower part of the branch can touch the bottom of the trench when the branch bends. Choose a well-developed annual branch and bend to the bottom of the ditch. Fix it, then press it with soil and fill the trench. In this way, the shoots exposed on the ground germinate and grow, and some of them take root in the soil. In order to promote the roots of the branches, you can also ring-peel the branches pressed at the bottom of the trench, with a width of 1mm to 2mm, remove the phloem, or cut a few knives laterally.

② twig crimping: twig crimping can be carried out in the first and middle of June, when the basal branch grows to 60-80cm in the same year, the method is the same as hard branch crimping.