The latest course on techniques and methods of Strawberry Seedling cultivation

Strawberry is a perennial herb of the genus strawberry in Rosaceae. There are two methods of reproduction: sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction. In order to avoid the separation of sexual reproduction and affect the yield and quality, asexual reproduction is generally used in production, that is, stolon reproduction. Let's take a look at strawberry seedling cultivation techniques.

Prepare the mother plant

After the breeding varieties of strawberries were determined, stolon seedlings with strong growth and free of diseases and insect pests were selected as the mother plant for propagation. After the fruit picking and transplanting in the field, the mother plant was planted in the open field to survive the winter. The pseudo-planting density should be 20 cm × 20 cm, or 23 cm × 23 cm, with 10,000 plants per mu. According to the number of seedlings raised in the following year, the number of mother plants should be determined. Generally, 400 mother plants can be cultivated in the second year, and 1 mu of strawberry seedlings can be cultivated. In autumn, 40,000-60,000 stolon seedlings can be produced for 8 mu of field seedlings.

Nursery soil preparation

The nursery should choose plots with fertile soil, not easy to consolidate and convenient for drainage and irrigation. Using young orchards with irrigation facilities as harvest nurseries can not only make full use of land, but also make use of fruit trees to shade and reduce the effect of high temperature in summer. After selecting the nursery, spread 30 piculs of fully mature barnyard manure per mu, ploughing and turning to make a bed in spring, with a width of 3 meters. Before planting, urea 2.5kg / mu, potassium chloride 3.5kg / mu and calcium superphosphate 5kg / mu were mixed and mixed well with fertilizer and soil.

Planting time

When the temperature stabilizes at 15 ℃ in spring, it can be planted in time, usually in the middle or late April, and strive for the colonization results by the end of April. When planting, one row was planted on each side of the 3-meter-wide border, the plant spacing was 80 cm, and more than 400 plants were planted per mu. The planting of the mother plant must be moderate in depth and strictly prevent the soil from burying heart leaves and roots exposed by drought. At the same time, it is necessary to bend the protruding side of the rhizome to the inside of the border, because the protruding surface is the place where the stolon is produced, which is beneficial to the growth and finishing of the stolon.

Nursery management

After the mother plant was planted, it was watered thoroughly with root water, and then watered once a day according to the weather conditions within 4-6 days. Check the seedlings in time after survival, and remedy the mother plants that are too deep and shallow. Strawberry seedlings during the emergence of high temperature and drought, we should pay special attention to water management, take multiple furrow irrigation, often keep the soil moist. After planting, it takes more than 5 months for the stolon to cover the whole field, and the seedlings should be replenished in time when the gap area of the nursery is large. During the breeding season of weeds in summer and autumn, the often watered soil is easy to harden, which is not conducive to the roots of stolon seedlings, so weeding should be ploughed and weeded to keep the border surface loose and weed-free. In addition, the inflorescence of the mother plant should be removed in time in early spring, and the stolons should be arranged regularly after they are produced, so that the stolons are evenly distributed and do not overlap with each other, supplemented by artificial pressure to ensure that the seedlings are strong. Strawberry seedlings generally do not apply topdressing, such as insufficient base fertilizer, thin plant growth, yellow leaves, few stolons, combined irrigation, 3 kilograms of human feces and urine per mu, 1 load of water and 1 load of water for 2 times.

Pest control

There are ground tigers or grubs harmful to strawberries from planting to the early growth stage. Check frequently in the early morning and find that missing leaves and dead seedlings can be dug and eliminated near the plant or sprinkled with 1.5% organophosphorus powder 2.5 kg mixed with fine soil 1520 kg per mu. During the growth period, 2000 times omethoate or dichlorvos EC 1000-1500 times solution can be used to control aphids. The main diseases of strawberries are gray mold and root rot. Old leaves, withered leaves and diseased leaves are often removed. 50% methyl topiramate 1000-15000 times or equivalent 250 times Bordeaux solution can be sprayed twice.