The latest course of planting techniques and methods of Peach trees in greenhouse

The peach tree is a small deciduous tree of the rose family. The flowers are ornamental, the fruit is succulent, it can be eaten raw or made into preserved or canned peaches, and the nucleolus can also be eaten. There are a variety of varieties. The skin of the peach is hairy, the skin of the nectarine is smooth, and the flat peach fruit is a platter-shaped peach tree. Green peach is an ornamental peach tree native to China and widely cultivated in various provinces and regions. Let's take a look at the planting techniques of peach trees in the greenhouse.

Cultivation conditions of peach trees in greenhouse

Peach trees like to grow in the land with sufficient light, loose soil and low groundwater table, so it is suitable to choose highly dry sandy soil or gravelly soil, and it can also be cultivated in clayey soil with low groundwater level, high organic matter content and good drainage. Peach trees can blossom and bear fruit in the second year after planting, and the branches and shoots can grow vigorously. The new shoots can be produced three times a year, and the secondary shoots can also form flower buds. They can blossom and bear fruit in 4-5 years. Due to early fruiting, the full-fruiting period can be maintained for 10-15 years, and the life span of trees is shorter, mostly in 20-25 years.

Cultivated varieties of peach trees in greenhouse

1. Jinhua big white peach: Jinhua big white peach ripens early in June, the fruit is nearly round, the top is flat, the single fruit weighs 150 to 350 grams, the pericarp is white, the sun is red, the pulp is milky white, crisp and fine, soft and juicy, sweet, good quality, no dehiscent fruit, no pollen, need to be equipped with pollination tree.

2. Daguan No. 1: Daguan No. 1 matured from early June to early June, with an average single fruit weight of 110 grams and a maximum of 350 grams, with red face, beautiful appearance and high yield.

3. Super early red nectarine: Super early red nectarine ripens in early May, the fruit is nearly round, the average single fruit weight is 60 ~ 80g, the fruit surface is smooth and bright red, the pulp is golden yellow, sour and sweet taste, indehiscent fruit, semi-sticky core. The variety has the advantages of moderate growth, good flower bud differentiation, high fruit setting rate, high and stable yield, but needs thinning of flowers and fruits.

4. Very early red nectarine: very early red nectarine ripens in mid-late May. The fruit is nearly round, the average single fruit weight is 100g to 120g, the large fruit can reach 150g, the fruit surface is smooth and bright red, the pulp is golden yellow, delicious and juicy, pure sweet and sour, rarely split fruit, species growth is prosperous, flower bud differentiation is good, fruit setting rate is high, disease resistance is strong, cultivation should be timely control to prevent prosperous growth, proper control of fertilizer and water.

5. Flat peach No. 2: flat fruit usually matures in late May, with an average single fruit weight of 950g, 430g, 250g, bright red peel, white pulp, soft and succulent flesh, sweet taste, small stone and high edible rate.

Propagation techniques of Peach trees in greenhouse

1. Cutting: hardwood cutting in spring, soft wood cutting in Meiyu season, cutting branches must grow sturdy and substantial, cutting time is mainly in spring, cuttings are cut obliquely at about 20cm, in order to prevent disease infection and promote rooting, the lower end of cuttings are best to use fungicide 50% carbendazim 600 × 1200 times solution, indolebutyric acid 750 mg / L quickly dipped in 4500 mg / L, plant spacing 4 × 30 cm. The suitable cutting depth is 2 prime 3 of the length of cuttings.

2. Grafting: the rootstocks are mostly used for mountain peach or peach seedlings (this rootstock), the survival rates of branch grafting and bud grafting are higher, branch grafting is carried out when the buds have begun to sprout in March, commonly used cutting, the rootstock is better with 2012 seedlings. The bud grafting is carried out from July to August, and the "Ding" shape is often used. It is better for rootstocks to have full annual seedlings.

3. Sowing: the flowering period of peach is from March to April and the fruit ripening period is from June to August. Harvest ripe fruit, pile up and mash, remove pulp, dry and collect pure seedling seeds can be sown in autumn. Soak the seeds for 5-7 days before sowing. The autumn seeder sprouted early in the following year, the emergence rate was high, and the growth was rapid and strong. When sowing in the next spring, seedling seeds need to be stored in wet sand for more than 120 days. Strip sowing is used, the banner is 10 cm, the depth is 1 cm to 2 cm, and the soil is covered 6 cm after sowing. 25,30kg per mu of sowing children. Seedlings 3 cm high time seedlings, fixed seedlings, plant spacing 20-25 cm.

Planting techniques of Peach trees in greenhouse

1. De-sprouting and pruning: when peach trees sprout in the greenhouse, get rid of unreasonable sprouts in time. After flowering, the dense branches, overgrown branches, erect branches, shadow branches and cross branches should be removed in time according to the situation. The fruit tree retracted 4-6 weeks before harvest, and only one new shoot was left in front of the fruit shoot, which could be cut off properly. The structure of the tree should be adjusted to have uniform flower spots under the tree at noon.

2. Reasonable crown control: each backbone branch retains a suitable direction of vigorous new shoots. When the upward growing fruit platform auxiliary shoots grow to 10 large leaves, they are continuously coring and wiping lateral buds to form blind shoots, and other prosperous new shoots are stained with 50 times 15%PP333. These measures can effectively control the vigorous growth, increase the yield per plant, and reduce the physiological and pre-harvest fruit drop.

3. Picking leaves and hanging branches: 20 days before fruit picking, peach trees remove the light-affected leaves of the fruit, hoist the drooping branches to the light surface, and promote the coloring of the fruit. Four or six weeks before harvest, hanging or pulling the drooping fruit branches above the crown with a rope can greatly improve the light conditions of the tree and increase the coloring of the fruit.

4. Promoting fruit fertilizer: spray LXL or fructins containing 1.8%GA4+7 and 1.8% 6-benzyladenine once at flowering stage and 2 weeks after anthesis to increase fruit setting rate and promote fruit expansion. About 10 days after peach blossom, spray 0.5% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixture 2 times. Spray should be carried out in the evening without wind or on cloudy days, once every 2 weeks.

5. Topdressing and watering: in the hard core stage and fruit expansion period of peach trees in the greenhouse, each plant is topdressing 30 grams of urea and 30 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Combined with fertilization, each is watered once, and the amount of watering depends on the soil moisture.