The latest course on planting techniques and methods of mulberry in greenhouse

Mulberry is the mature fruit of mulberry family mulberry deciduous shrub or small tree mulberry, also known as mulberry, mulberry, mulberry bubble, etc., the fruit matures from April to June every year, but the specific ripening time is different in different places, a little earlier in the south and a little later in the north. Born in hills, hillsides, villages, fields, etc., it is cultivated all over the country and all over the world. Let's take a look at the planting techniques of mulberry in the greenhouse.

Propagation technology of mulberry in greenhouse

1. Seed propagation: take purple mature mulberry, rub the pericarp, wash the seeds, then sow or store in wet sand, spring sowing, summer sowing, autumn sowing, summer sowing and autumn sowing can use the new seeds of the same year.

2. Grafting propagation: the bag grafting method cut the scion 20 days before grafting, stored in wet sand, separated the cortex and woody part of the cut of the rootstock into a bag, and then inserted the scion until it was tight. Buds are grafted with T-shaped buds or tubular buds in spring and summer.

3. Striping propagation: the mother plant is fixed horizontally on the ground in early spring, buried in the ditch, exposed at the top, compacted with the soil, separated from the mother after rooting, and planted in spring or autumn.

Planting technology of mulberry in greenhouse

1. Greenhouse construction: the greenhouse should be built in a place with flat terrain and sunny shelter, with a length of 60 meters from east to west and a width of 10 meters. The height of the back wall is 2.8 meters. The height of the main arch ring of the greenhouse from the vault to the arch foot is 3.8 meters, and the front is 1 meter high. the thickness of the rear wall and west wall is more than 60 cm. The skeleton adopts double-layer galvanized steel pipe, the steel wire is drawn in the east-west direction, the steel wire is spaced 30 cm apart, 6 cm thick bamboo pole is tied in the north-south direction, and the spacing is about 60 cm. When fastening the shed, there is no drop longevity film, and the film is covered with 5 cm thick grass or heat preservation quilt. If possible, an automatic shutter machine can be set up.

2. Planting time: the planting time of mulberry in shed is divided into spring and summer, from late March to early April in spring and early June in summer. Large seedlings with a diameter of more than 1 cm and a height of more than 1.2 meters should be selected when planting in spring. Two-year-old or three-year-old seedlings should be used for summer planting.

3. Seedling planting: seedlings are planted in the greenhouse in the north-south direction, with row spacing of 2 meters, plant spacing of 1.5 meters, and 222 seedlings per mu. Before planting, dig a planting ditch 50 cm deep and 80 cm wide, or dig a 60 cm square planting hole. Fully mature organic fertilizer was applied in the planting ditch, 3000 kg per mu, and mixed well with the soil, filled with water and settled. After planting, the soil was firmly planted, then watered for 2 or 3 times, and 20 kg urea per mu was applied when the seedlings germinated. After growing in summer and autumn, the shed can be buckled in winter.

Planting Management of Mulberry in greenhouse

1. Mulching temperature: like other deciduous fruit trees, mulberry also needs a certain process of low temperature dormancy. It is generally believed that fruit mulberry can successfully pass the dormancy period after natural defoliation in late autumn or low temperature treatment for 30-40 days. The heating time of film mulching is generally the most suitable before and after New Year's Day. Mulching too early, natural dormancy is insufficient, germination, flowering, fruit size is uneven, affecting the yield and quality. The film mulching is too late to achieve the goal of early listing, competing for the market and obtaining high efficiency.

2. Greenhouse regulation and control: permeable water should be irrigated one time before covering the film to ensure the normal water supply of the roots and the supplement of air humidity in the shed before mulberry germinates, the relative humidity in the greenhouse should be kept above 85%, and the relative humidity in the greenhouse should be controlled at about 50% during flowering period, and the humidity in the greenhouse should be increased to about 70% after fruit setting. At the beginning of heating, it is generally controlled at 15: 18 ℃ during the day, with a maximum of no more than 25 ℃. When the ear was exposed, the temperature was controlled at about 27 ℃ in daytime, the highest was no more than 32 ℃, and the temperature at night was adjusted to 15: 18 ℃.

3. Reasonable tree shape: generally, newly planted seedlings should be cut and dried at a distance of 30 cm from the ground. In that year, there are generally 5 or 6 new shoots per plant, and when the new shoots grow to 20 centimeters, they will be coring. After the mulberry was harvested in the second year, combined with shaping and pruning in summer, all the fruiting mother branches could be heavily truncated with 2-3 buds, which could promote the germination of new shoots and become the fruiting mother branches in the next year. The short cut-off time should be early rather than late, so as to ensure that the new shoots have sufficient growth time and accumulate nutrients for flower bud differentiation.

4. Reasonable pruning: the pruning method of mulberry is the same year after year, so that it gradually forms the shape of a low-dry tree. Mulberry pruning in greenhouse should be based on the principle of "getting rid of weak and strong, bad and good", so as to make the distribution of branches reasonable and give full play to the advantages of groups. When cutting in winter, the slender twigs and rotten insect branches are cut off from the base, and the retained fruiting mother branches are cut short, generally cutting off the top of the branch about 30 cm.

5. Fertilization and irrigation: during the dormant period, a fertilizer application ditch with a depth of 30 cm and a width of 40 cm was opened in the middle of the planting line, and 3000 kg of mature high-quality farm manure was applied per mu, and mixed with 25 kg of compound fertilizer. After fruit picking, combined with heavy cutting, 20 kg of urea per mu. After sprouting, foliar fertilizer can be sprayed with 250x urea or 350x potassium dihydrogen phosphate for 5 times, and combined with spraying 1000 times Amitine for 2 times, in order to promote fruit setting, increase fruit, promote early ripening and improve quality. Watering should be carried out in time after fertilization. In the budding stage and young fruit growth period, fruit mulberry is sensitive to water demand and must have adequate water supply.

All right, the greenhouse mulberry planting technology editor will introduce you here, the following will introduce you to the main mulberry pest control methods!