The latest control methods of muskmelon Fusarium wilt

Melon blight, also known as blight, is a plant disease caused by fungi or bacteria. The onset is sudden. Symptoms include severe spots, wilting or death of leaves, flowers, fruits, stems or whole plants. The tender tissues of fast-growing melons are often attacked, which can affect the flowers, leaves, buds, seedlings, twigs, stems and top tips of melons. Let's take a look at the prevention and control methods of melon blight.

damage symptoms

In the early stage of melon blight, the leaves of the plant gradually wilted from the base to the top, obvious at noon, and could recover in the morning and evening. After a few days, all the leaves of the plant wilted and drooped, and no longer recovered. Stem tendril base slightly constricted, rough epidermis, often longitudinal crack. When wet, the rhizome is water-stained and rotting, and the surface often produces white or pink mold. The roots of diseased plants turn brown and are easy to pull up, the cortex and xylem are easy to peel off, and the vascular bundles turn brown. The peak period of disease was from flowering to fruiting.

occurrence conditions of

The optimum temperature for the development and infection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melo was 24~25℃, the highest temperature was 34℃, the lowest temperature was 4℃, the incubation period was 15 days at 15℃, 9~10 days at 20℃, 4~6 days at 25~30℃, and the optimum pH was 4.5 ~6. The investigation showed that the aging of seedlings, continuous cropping, undecomposed organic fertilizer, excessive drought of soil or acid soil with heavy texture were the main conditions causing the disease.

control methods

1. Select improved varieties: select resistant (resistant) varieties such as red-meat muskmelon, snow white, Suizhou white muskmelon, and early-maturing varieties such as Elizabeth, Hongganlu, Xinmiza No. 7, Bade, Huangdanzi, Green Pearl, etc. At the same time, rotate with non-melon crops for more than 5 years, preferably in a paddy-upland rotation.

2, soil conditioning: the application of enzyme bacteria retting compost or fully decomposed organic fertilizer or adding 0.5% of s-H additives in the soil (rice husk, bagasse, shrimp shell powder, etc. made of urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium nitrate) can reduce the occurrence of blight. For acid soil, slaked lime should be applied, and the soil pH should be adjusted to neutral by 100~150 kg per mu.

3. Seed disinfection: Soaking seeds can be soaked in 40% formalin 150 times solution for 30 minutes. After taking out, rinse them with clean water and then seed them. Soaking seeds can also be soaked in 50% thiophanate-methyl or carbendazim wettable powder for 30~40 minutes. Seed dressing with 40% of double powder or 50% carbendazim wettable powder of 0.2~0.3% of seed weight.

4. Drug control: Nursery seedlings are raised in nutrient bowls, and when transplanting, double suspension agent (watermelon continuous cropping agent) and magic immortal 300~350 times solution are used to irrigate holes, 0.5 kg per hole, and 1 kg per mu. When sowing and muskmelon with 5 - 6 true leaves, the seeds are respectively irrigated with 600 - 700 times solution of Shuangduo suspension agent, 0.5 kg of good liquid medicine is irrigated in each hole, and 1 kg of medicine is applied twice per mu.