The latest course on planting techniques and methods of pineapple berries

Pineapple berry is a variety of strawberry, also known as white strawberry, is a perennial herb of Rosaceae strawberry, looks like strawberry, the flesh is white, covered with red spots, and strawberry gene composition is the same, because its taste is surprisingly similar to pineapple, it is called pineapple berry, has a very high edible value and cultivation value, let's take a look at the planting technology of pineapple!

Growth habits of pineapple berries

Pineapple berry is a kind of strawberry grown in Chile and crossed with a kind of strawberry grown in Virginia in North America. In 2003, Dutch fruit growers brought it to Europe for commercial cultivation and sale, which opened a successful market for it. It needs to be planted in a sunny, warm environment, and the soil is hydrophobic. If you want to plant in the field, tidy up the land and sow the seeds at the right temperature.

The selected land of pineapple berries to make beds

1. Selection and fertilization of pineapple berries: fields that have not planted strawberries for many years are selected as Honda for the production of pineapple berries in the greenhouse, and sufficient organic base fertilizer is applied about a month before planting. Generally, 1500000 kg of fully mature organic fertilizer per mu is applied as base fertilizer, and ploughing and raking many times.

2. Increase the application of flour fertilizer: about 10 days before planting, fine weather was selected to make border under the condition of good soil tillability, 50 kg of imported ternary compound fertilizer and 50 kg of calcium superphosphate were applied as noodle fertilizer before construction, and 10 kg of phoxim granules per mu were applied to control grubs and other underground pests.

3. Rational planting: pineapple berries are planted in 7 rows in each greenhouse in the north-south direction (parallel to the greenhouse). The width of each of the middle 5 rows is 40 cm to 45 cm, with 2 rows of planting, and the width of the next 2 borders is 15 cm. The height of each ridge is 30 cm 35 cm, and the depth of ridge and furrow is about 30 cm to 35 cm.

Planting techniques of pineapple berries

The main results are as follows: 1. Permeable seedlings: pineapple berries permeate around the nursery one day before digging seedlings, in order to bring good soil masses, minimize root damage, and plant in greenhouses according to the size of seedlings. If the seedling is raised in a nutrition bowl, the survival rate will be higher if the plastic bowl is removed when planting.

2. Planting density: the planting distance of pineapple in greenhouse is about 20 cm, with 1800-2000 plants per greenhouse and 6000-7000 plants per mu. The planting depth must be moderate, and the base of the new stem must be buried in the soil to facilitate the formation of new roots, but the heart of the seedling (a little part of the outer leaf stipules) can not be buried in the soil.

3. Directional planting: "directional planting" is adopted to facilitate management, and it can reduce diseases and improve fruit quality. Planting 2 rows in each of the middle 5 rows, planting on both sides as far as possible (the distance between rows is controlled at about 30 cm), and make sure that the seedling arch of pineberry seedlings is planted on the back to the outside of the border. Two rows on both sides of the greenhouse are planted in a single row.

4. Post-planting management: pineapple was watered immediately after planting and survived in about 10 days, combined with weeding to loosen the soil among plants, choke roots, and often remove withered, old and diseased leaves, and do a good job of replenishing seedlings in time.

Planting management of pineapple berries

1. Laying plastic film: laying black plastic film can maintain soil moisture, inhibit the breeding of weeds, reduce the air temperature in the greenhouse, isolate the contact between strawberry fruit and soil, reduce diseases, and keep the fruit bright, clean and hygienic. The laying time is generally in the middle and late October, covering the black plastic film on the ridge plant, touching the place of the seedling plant, tearing a small hole in the plastic film, then carefully pulling out the leaves, paying attention to exposing the central leaves of the seedlings, and pressing the edge of the plastic film hole on the plastic film around the old leaves to make it close to the ground.

2. Temperature control: there are different requirements for air temperature in different periods of growth and development of pineapple, which should be satisfied as much as possible after warming in greenhouse. Because the flowering and fruiting of pineberry cultivated in greenhouse is continuous and cross, it is not conducive to the flowering and fruiting of pineberry when it is kept 24: 28 ℃ in daytime and 6: 8 ℃ at night, higher than 30 ℃ or less than 5 ℃.

3. Humidity control: the air humidity in the greenhouse is very high, especially in the early morning to morning or cloudy and rainy weather, the relative humidity can reach 95% 100%, which hinders flowering and pollination, is easy to breed diseases, and the rotten fruit of gray mold is serious, so in addition to the ridge covering black plastic film, straw should also be laid at the bottom of the ridge to prevent water evaporation, and ventilation should be carried out from the leeward to one-sided skirt at about 9: 00 on a sunny day, so that the humidity in the shed can be reduced to less than 75%.

4. Plant finishing: after heat preservation, the plant growth of pineapple in greenhouse is accelerated, and a large number of tillers and stolons are germinated. The leaf area of main stem should be removed in time, which can increase the leaf area of main stem and promote the timely germination of terminal flower bud and the emergence of strong terminal inflorescence. Generally speaking, a strawberry plant retains at most 1 or 2 more robust tillers. Remove old, senile and diseased leaves in time.

5. Gibberellin application: it is generally carried out about 7 days after the plastic film is covered in the greenhouse (when the weather is fine). The main purpose of spraying gibberellin is to solve the phenomenon of weak growth, creeping and dwarfing of pineberry plants. small leaves, short petiole, short peduncle and so on. Take the variety "Fengxiang" as an example, the concentration is generally controlled at about 7PPM, and the dosage is 10-12 kg solution for each standard greenhouse. Fine weather should be selected for spraying. If the plant growth condition is not significantly improved after spraying, it can be sprayed again in the budding stage.

6. Reasonable topdressing: pineapple topdressing in greenhouse is generally applied 2 times 3 times after planting live trees to before and after covering black plastic film, and each greenhouse (180 square meters) is applied with 1 kilogram urea dissolved in 500 kg water at a time. In the future, topdressing is mostly carried out according to the seedling potential, spraying 20 kg of 0.5% urea per mu.

7, black flower prevention: pineapple berries will form black flowers after being damaged by low temperature. For example, the buds of 7-8 days before flowering will suffer from minus 2 ℃ low temperature stamens, and the pistil from 3 days before flowering to one week after flowering will also be frozen to form black flowers when they encounter minus 2 ℃ low temperature. Therefore, the inner sheds and small ring sheds should be prepared before the severe cold to strengthen the heat preservation work. The lowest temperature in the greenhouse at night was kept at 3: 5 ℃, which could effectively reduce the formation of black flowers.