The latest course of planting techniques and methods of Peach

Pu peach is a good fruit tree and garden greening tree in the humid tropics, also known as water peach, fragrant fruit, bell fruit and so on. It is an evergreen tree plant of the family Myrtle. It is native to Southeast Asia, and there are wild peaches in Hainan. There are artificially cultivated peaches in South China, which can be cultivated as windbreak plants, and the fruits are edible. Let's take a look at the planting techniques of Peach.

Growth habits of Peach

Pu peach is distributed in Indo-China Peninsula, Malaysia, Indonesia and other places. It is cultivated in Taiwan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Hainan and other provinces. Moisture-resistant plants, warm and hot climate, belong to tropical tree species, Xisheng riverside and valley wetlands, like light, drought and barren, high temperature and drought, lax soil requirements, developed roots, rapid growth, strong adaptability, fertile, deep and humid soil is the best.

Cutting Propagation of Peach

1. Arrange the slotting bed: in the nursery, the bed is 810 meters long, 1.2 meters wide and 0.4 meters deep, and then the coarse sand about 10 centimeters thick is spread as the drainage layer, and then the humus soil of 1 inch 3 and the fine sand of 2 centimeters are evenly filled into the bed, 15 centimeters thick and 20 centimeters thick. This kind of cutter has good water permeability and ventilation, especially the water content of humus soil is larger and more fertile than fine sand, which is beneficial to the rooting and growth of cuttings. 1.0% permanganic acid solution was used to disinfect the seedling bed before cutting.

2. Cutting cuttings: cuttings should be selected from plants with strong tree potential, good varieties and disease-free insects. Generally choose full-grown 1-year-old branches, but also use 2-3-year-old branches. However, underdeveloped overgrown branches and over-old branches that are difficult to take root should not be used. The cuttings are cut into 15cm and 20cm long, the upper end of the cuttings is cut into a straight face, and the lower end is cut into a half-moon shape with a sharp knife, and the straight cut is not conducive to rooting. The cuttings should be half-leaf or whole-leaf to retain the petiole.

3. Treatment of cuttings: soaking the lower end of cuttings with 50 microliters / liter of naphthalene acetic acid solution immediately after cutting, cutting after 6 hours, or soaking in rooting powder with a concentration of 50 microliters / liter for 0.5 hours for 1 hour, or soaking in 500 microliters / liter indolebutyric acid for 10 seconds can promote rooting.

4. Cutting management: after cutting, water should be sprayed in time according to the specific situation, so that the soil water content should be kept at 40%-50% of the saturated water content. When the temperature is too high, the film should be opened to spray water to cool down and maintain moisture. It can take root, sprout and spread leaves 1-2 months after cutting. at this time, we should pay attention to strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. After 2-3 months of insertion, 0.3% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be used for extra-root topdressing in time, and 2 months later, thin fecal water should be applied once. Cuttings in the shoot length of more than 30 cm, more than 0.8 cm thick, and fully mature before leaving the nursery.

Grafting Propagation of Peach

The main results are as follows: 1. scion: peach grafting can be carried out all the year round, but it is more suitable from April to November, and the survival rate of grafting is lower in rainy days. On the female parent tree with high yield, stable yield, high fruit quality and pure quality, the one-year-old branches with full growth and Lignification were cut as scions. Remove the leaves of the scion after harvest and moisturize and prepare for grafting.

2. Grafting method: the cutting method is the most commonly used method for peach grafting, specifically cutting the scion, so that the cutting surface is long and short, and the cutting surface is smooth, then cut the rootstock, that is, cut off the rootstock at 20 to 30 centimeters from the ground, select the rootstock where the rootstock is thick, smooth and smooth, and cut a little. Then cut off about 2 cm with the essential part in the cortex, so that the length and width of the incision correspond to the length and width of the scion, and then insert the cut scion into the incision of the rootstock, so that the forming layer of the scion and the rootstock is aligned and tightened, and then wrap it tightly with a tough and thin plastic belt from the bottom up.

3. Post-grafting management: watering frequently after grafting to avoid moving the interface. Those that have survived for 3 or 4 weeks can sprout. At this time, pay attention to picking buds so that buds can be picked out and grow. Remove the buds from the rootstock at any time, apply thin dung water and control diseases and insect pests. When the second shoot of the scion is mature, it can come out of the nursery when it is 50 cm high above the graft interface and 1 cm thick at 2 cm.

Sowing and Propagation of Peach

1. Collect seeds: the seeds should come from the excellent mother plant of pu peach with high seed yield. After the fruit is fully ripe, the seeds should be removed from the pulp. After the seeds are taken out, they are washed, floated, dried and sealed in a plastic bag.

2. Nursery bed preparation: in the nursery, turn deeply and rake into pieces according to the plan, form a border 1.2 meters wide and a ditch 0.5 meters wide, apply mature organic manure such as pig and cow dung to add fine sand, burn the soil and mix well, and then disinfect it with 1.0% potassium permanganate solution.

3. Sowing period: in the areas with high temperature in winter, the seeds of Peach should be replanted 1-2 months after storage. Because its seeds have the function of post-ripening, the germination rate of fresh sowing is low. In Hainan Island, Leizhou Peninsula and the Pearl River Delta, it is generally possible to sow seeds from August to September, and then postpone sowing seedlings that are prone to cold injury. The northern part of South China can be stored for sowing from mid-March to April in the following spring.

4. Sowing method: after storing the seeds for 1-2 months, soak the seeds before planting. Because of its low germination rate, 0.1 ml / L gibberellin can promote seed germination and soak for 6-8 hours. The soaked seeds are spread evenly on the bed surface, then covered with river sand or burning soil, slightly compacted, covered with grass, fully watered, and covered with a sunshade net. Because the temperature is still high from August to September, the seedling bed can not be moisturized with farmland film, but covered with straw.

5. Post-sowing management: about a week after sowing, the seeds begin to germinate, and the grass should be opened at this time to prevent the seedlings from bending and thinning, and cover the arch shed with a film to prevent the cold before the cold spell comes.

6. timely transplanting: the seedlings can be transferred when the seedlings are 5 to 6 centimeters high, but they are generally transferred after the beginning of spring in the second year, and the survival rate is also high. The seedlings can be transplanted to the grafting border or in a nutrition bag according to large, medium and small grades. The row spacing of grafting border is 25 cm, and the plant spacing is 20 cm. When transplanting seedlings, we should pay attention to select cloudy days, sprinkle water immediately after transplanting, and apply thin water and fertilizer about 1 month after survival.