The latest course of planting techniques and methods of Yangpu peach

Yangpu peach, also known as Tiantao, lotus fog, Lianwu, etc., is known as the "fruit emperor" in Taiwan. It sells well in the fruit market and is deeply favored by consumers. In addition to being used as fruit, it is also used in landscaping. Verdant trees, green branches and leaves, and rich fruit have become a beautiful scenic line to beautify the environment. Let's take a look at the planting technology of peach.

Growth habits of Yangpu peach

Yangpu peach originated from Malaysia and India, was introduced into Taiwan in the 17th century, and was introduced and cultivated in Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and Yunnan after 1930s, but the cultivation amount is still small. It is adaptable, coarse and easy to grow, likes warmth, is afraid of cold, likes moist and fertile soil, and has lax requirements on soil conditions, so pruning can be done well in cultivation. The flowering period is from March to April and the fruit is ripe from May to June.

Propagation techniques of Yangpu peach

Yangpu peach is mainly propagated by air striping method, which is carried out in the high temperature and humid rainy season from May to September every year. Select the thick, well-developed branches with a diameter of about 3 cm, first peel them in a ring about 3 cm long at the base, wrap them in the ring peeling place and the upper and lower sides with mud masses mixed with moist soil and grass, then wrap them with transparent adhesive tape, and fasten the upper and lower ends with nylon ropes. After about 1 month, the new root grows at the upper end of the peel. After about 3 months, the new roots grow a lot, and the roots are cut below to form independent seedlings. First sham planting in the nursery to continue cultivation, the following spring planting in the field.

Planting techniques of Yangpu peach

1. Planting time: the planting period of Yangpu peach is generally better in spring and autumn, not too late, to avoid planting in high temperature and low temperature or in dry season. From March to May, Rain Water is abundant and the light is relatively mild, which is very suitable for root activity, sprouting and shoots of Yangpu peach, and the planting survival rate is high. The climatic conditions of this period from August to October are still suitable for planting Yangpu peach on the hillside, and the climatic conditions of this period are still suitable for rooting, sprouting and sprouting of Yangpu peach, but it is easy to have high temperature and drought weather in this period, so it is necessary to do a good job of sunshade and drought prevention of planting seedlings.

2. Planting density: Yangpu peach has fast growth and long life. The planting density should be comprehensively considered according to variety, topography, soil and climatic conditions. The planting density can be planted closely in the early stage, according to the plant row spacing of 4 × 4 meters, that is, 40 plants per mu, in order to ensure the yield in the early stage. After the production of Yangpu peach reached its peak and the orchard began to shade, thinning was carried out and the specification of about 20 trees per mu was retained to ensure the quality and yield of Yangpu peach.

3. Planting method: before planting, Yangpu peach was covered with fine soil on the hole of the lower base fertilizer to prevent the seedling roots from coming into contact with the base fertilizer to cause rotten roots and affect the survival rate. The middle of the planting is slightly piled into a small mound, and the root system of the seedling is scattered around the mound, then straighten the seedling by hand, pile the soil, and gently step on it with your foot, so that the root system of the seedling fully touches the soil without pressing the soil too firmly. After planting, the roots should be watered in time, and some branches and leaves should be thinned properly. The survival of seedlings should be checked in time within one month after planting, and it is found that dead seedlings should be replanted.

4. Shaping and pruning: Yangpu peach should adopt the method of natural round head pruning, leave a trunk after planting, cut off the upper end at 60 cm from the ground, pull out 3 or 4 new branches, let them grow naturally and become the main branch. Pruning branches after fruit harvest every year, cutting off disease and insect branches, withered branches, over-dense branches and overgrown branches and so on. After pruning, the wound should be protected in time, and the wound should be closed with grease "callus anticorrosive film" to prevent dry crack and germ invasion.

5. Fertilizer and water management: Yangpu peach grows fast and needs a large amount of fertilizer. 1-4-year-old trees are generally quick-acting fertilizer, apply more nitrogen and potassium fertilizer in the early stage, dig annular ditches in the crown drip line, and do not apply more nitrogen fertilizer in the period of flower bud differentiation. The amount of fertilizer applied at the flowering and fruit stage from March to April and at the end of fruit harvest in July is 25% of the whole year. September to October accounts for 50% of the total amount of fertilizer applied in the whole year, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is applied again after the small fruit. Manage moisture scientifically, keep orchard dry from September to October to facilitate flower bud differentiation, and keep soil moist at other times to prevent flowers and fruits from falling.

6. flower and fruit management: there are more flowers and fruits in Yangpu peach, so the spike at the end of the branch should be thinned first. There are 1 or 2 pairs of flower spikes on the big branch. Removing the overdense flower ear and bagging when the flower ear is about 2 cm can not only improve the fruit quality, but also prevent the damage of fruit flies. In order to meet the market demand, flowering and other treatments can be carried out to change Yangpu peach from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. The common method is to cut and smear the cationic active agent "Huawang 2" so that the growth function can be transformed into reproductive function, promote flowers and protect fruit, and do not harm the tree potential.

7. Cold prevention measures: Yangpu peach, in addition to strengthening fertilizer management to make the tree vigorous and applying more potash fertilizer to enhance cold resistance, can be sprayed with 98% sodium acetate (SNA) and GA3 10 ~ 200000 times a week from December onwards, and another high concentration of 98% sodium acetate will be sprayed once a day before and after the cold spell. If there is frost, spray groundwater late at night or the next morning to wash away the accumulated frost on the leaf surface.

8. pest control: Yangpu peach is particularly sensitive to pesticides, so it is not suitable to use highly toxic and highly toxic pesticides. The diseases are mainly anthracnose and fruit rot, and the pests are mainly fruit flies, beetles and shell insects. Low-toxic and high-efficiency pesticides such as mancozeb, carbendazim, methyl thiophanate and fenvalerate can be used to control them, which can not only enhance the efficacy, but also reduce the dosage of pesticides.