The latest course of planting techniques and methods of jackfruit in the four seasons

The four Seasons jackfruit is the latest variety introduced from Malaysia in China, which has the characteristics of blooming and fruiting many times a year. The grafted seedlings begin to blossom and bear fruit 2 ~ 3 years after planting. The fruit is oval, medium large and dry. The meat is thick, orange, crisp, sweet and fragrant, and the fruit is less latex after ripening, which is suitable for planting in jackfruit producing areas in Guangdong Province. Let's take a look at the planting techniques of jackfruit in the four Seasons.

Planting advantages of jackfruit in the four seasons

Jackfruit of the four seasons bears a high yield early, with annual results. The fruit is long oval, medium large, with an average single fruit weight of 10.2 kg, dry bud, thick meat, orange, crisp, sweet taste and aroma, fresh fruit soluble solids content 21.38%, vitamin C 4.73 mg / 100 g, less latex after fruit ripening. The grafted seedlings began to blossom and bear fruit 2 ~ 3 years after planting. The average yield of 3-year-old trees was 58.2kg and that of 5-year-old trees was 135.2 kg, which was more than 80.0% higher than that of local jackfruit.

Jackfruit planting environment in the four seasons

Jackfruit of the four Seasons likes the hot and humid lowland environment and the warm and humid tropical climate. It is not resistant to cold, so it is required that the annual average temperature of the planting site is more than 21 ℃, the coldest monthly average temperature is more than 13 ℃, the absolute minimum temperature is more than 0 ℃, and the surface temperature is 0 ℃. Soil requirements are not strict, in the deep soil layer, fertile loose, well-drained acid soil, slightly alkaline clay or sandy loam soil, can grow normally. It is best cultivated in low hills or flat lands below 600 meters above sea level.

Planting techniques of jackfruit in the four Seasons

1. Timely planting: jackfruit can be planted all the year round, but spring planting (March-April) and autumn planting (September-November) are the best. When planting, the soil in the planting hole should be fine to straighten out the seedling root system, and then press it into the fine soil layer by layer, and it is appropriate to flatten the ground with the root neck. Immediately after planting, pour enough root water and cover the tree plate with plastic film.

2. Rational fertilization: the purpose of fertilization for young pineapple trees in the four seasons is to promote shoot growth and rapidly form a crown. In addition to applying organic fertilizer as basic fertilizer in winter, quick-acting fertilizer is applied to promote shoots and strong shoots every time before drawing new shoots. Results after fruit harvest, the trees were re-applied organic fertilizer combined with a small amount of available fertilizer to restore tree potential, improve leaf function and promote flower bud differentiation. Apply quick-acting fertilizer before sprouting and inflorescence in early spring to promote shoot growth and inflorescence development. When the fruit increases rapidly, strong fruit fertilizer is applied to promote fruit development.

3. Water management: the growth of jackfruit in the four seasons requires sufficient water, especially during flowering and fruit development, if the fruit falls off or stagnates for a long time, the fruit is small and deformed, the small meat is thin, and the quality is poor. Therefore, if the flowering and fruiting period is too dry, irrigation should be done. However, it is easy to be waterlogged in the rainy season, so we should do a good job in drainage to prevent stagnant water from rotting roots.

4. Shaping and pruning: the fruiting part of jackfruit in the four seasons is on the trunk, main branch and small trunk branch. When the height of the trunk reaches 1 meter, cut short the trunk, promote branches, cut off the cross branches, dense branches and overlapping branches, generally cultivate 3-4 primary branches and the crown height is 3.5 meters, in order to form a reasonable tree structure. The main method of fruit tree pruning is winter pruning, mainly cutting off withered branches, weak branches, over-dense branches, residual fruit branches and male flower branches.

5. Promoting flowering and fruiting: if the vegetative growth of jackfruit after planting affects flowering and fruiting, girdling or circular cutting can be carried out on the trunk or main branch to make more nutrients accumulate on the aboveground branches and promote the flowering and fruiting shoots. Or carving every 30 cm on the main branch of the trunk can also achieve the effect of promoting flowering and fruiting. In order to stab the cortex without hurting the xylem, there is no need to wipe off the slurry.

6. fruit thinning and fruit protection: fruit thinning is carried out in the cultivation and management of jackfruit in the four seasons, it is appropriate to keep 3 to 5 canopies per square meter, and the distribution is uniform and reasonable. The principle of fruit thinning is to remove the dense fruit and deformed fruit. In the young fruit stage, insecticide + fungicide + foliar fertilizer was sprayed every 15 days, and when the fruit was basically shaped, insecticide + fungicide was sprayed every 30 days to prevent diseases and insect pests and promote fruit expansion.

7. Pest control: the pests of jackfruit in the four seasons are widespread and serious in longicorn beetles and beetles, causing glue flow, branch withering, tree weakness, trunk cavities and even decay and death. It can kill adults, scrape off eggs, or coat tree trunks and needle holes with 600 times the liquid of chlorpyrifos. The main diseases are leaf spot, soot, flower and fruit soft rot, which can be controlled by 1000-fold carbendazim or 1500-fold chlorothalonil.