The latest course of planting techniques and methods of honey peach

Honey peach is a small deciduous tree plant of Rosaceae. The cultivation value is very high. Generally, the tree height is 3 to 4 meters, it begins to bear fruit early, it begins to bear fruit in 2 ~ 3 years, it reaches the full fruit stage in 6 ~ 7 years, it gradually ages after 15 years and 20 years, and its life span is short. The better 25 years and 30 years still maintain high yield. Let's take a look at the planting techniques of honey peaches.

Seedling selection

When selecting the varieties of honey peach, we must choose the excellent varieties with good yield and the right way of production and marketing according to the local soil, climate, management level and local market situation, and make a good collocation of early, middle and late ripening varieties. At present, the varieties with wide cultivation area are Fenghuang, Lianhuang and other varieties, which have good high-yield performance and are easy to be cultivated and managed.

Planting and fertilization

Peaches with good drainage, deep soil layer and ph 5.5-6.5 micro-acid sandy soil or gravel loam are selected to dig large holes for planting. Terraces should be built on low hilly slopes, with 50 trees per mu in flat land and 60 trees in mountainous area. Peach base fertilizer advocates winter fertilizer application in autumn, mainly organic fertilizer, accounting for 6070% of the annual fertilizer application, generally 2000 kg of barnyard manure per mu or 150kg per mu of special fertilizer for fruit trees. the times, time and amount of topdressing vary according to variety, tree age, cultivation and management, growth and development period and external conditions, generally giving priority to pre-bud fertilizer, strong fruit fertilizer and postharvest fertilizer.

Tree culture

The peach tree is naturally happy with three main branches. In the tree structure, the height of the adult tree is about 2.5 ~ 3m, the trunk height is 30cm ~ 40cm, there are three main branches, each of which occupies 120 degrees azimuth, each main branch is equipped with two secondary main branches, and the opening angle is about 75 degrees. In the year of planting, it was dried at 50-60 cm, and there were more than 3 strong buds in the plastic belt under the cut. In the first year after planting, the new shoots with strong growth and good azimuth were selected and cultured as the main branches, and the other shoots could be thinned or twisted as auxiliary branches. In the second year after planting, the lateral strong branches were selected at the distance of 50-60 cm from the main stem, the opening angle was good, the secondary main branches were cultivated, and the large and small fruiting branches were cultured on the main branches and auxiliary main branches at the same time.

Tree pruning

Peach dormancy pruning can be carried out from defoliation to sprouting. Pruning takes measures such as combination of truncation and thinning, as well as long release, retraction, circle branches and so on. The long fruit branch is cut off about 1/3 of the branch length, the middle fruit branch is generally not short except for sparse and dense branches, and the short fruit branch should retain a branch every 10 cm or so. During the growing period, there are mainly technical measures such as post-flowering re-pruning, de-sprouting and wiping buds, thinning, twisting, coring, pulling, pruning, branch removal and so on.

Pest control

For the prevention and control of peach diseases and insect pests, we should first do a good job in clearing the garden in winter, remove diseased branches and leaves in time combined with winter pruning, whiten the trunk before and after the Beginning of Winter, and spray Baume 5-degree stone sulfur mixture before sprouting in early spring. in the growing period, brown rot, anthracnose, scab, leaf shrinkage and other diseases should be prevented. The pests harmful to peach trees are aphids, pear heart borer, small green leafhopper, peach borer, stinging moth, military insects, mulberry scale and so on.

Fruit management

The fruit setting rate of honey peach is high, so fruit thinning must be carried out and the amount of fruit retained must be controlled. Fruit thinning should be carried out in two times, from late April to early May and middle to late May respectively. Generally, one fruit is left in the short fruit branch, two in the middle fruit branch, and three or five fruits in the long fruit branch. The harvest time of the fruit is determined according to the characteristics of the variety, and it is suitable to harvest 80% of the mature fruit.