The Culture method of Cymbidium

Mo Lan, also known as New year Orchid, Happy New year Orchid, Fengshi Orchid. The leaves of Cymbidium are broad, generally up to 2 mi 4.2 cm wide and about 25 mi 80 cm long. 2Mel 5 leaves were planted on the pseudobulm. The pseudocorm is larger, 1.5 in diameter and 2.5 cm in diameter. The leaves are glossy, the cross section is shallow "y" shaped or spreading, and the leaf margin is usually unserrated. Pedicels erect, usually higher than leaf frame. Raceme, with more than 20 flowers, and flowers spread out about 2.5 cm in diameter. Sepals and flowers usually narrowly lanceolate, lips pendulous. The color of the flower is mostly lavender brown, decorated with dark purple brown stripes. The flowering period is from late autumn to February of the following year, with sweet aroma.

Cymbidium grows in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, Jiangxi, Yunnan, Hainan, Sichuan and southern Guizhou to the south of latitude 26 °N. according to its characteristics, it can be divided into Taiwan, Daming, Guangdong, Yunnan, Jiangxi and so on.

There are several points to pay attention to in the culture method of Cymbidium chinense.

1. Plant material preparation and orchid pot selection:

Orchids are native to sparse forest valleys and grow in slightly acidic soils rich in humus. Family orchids must be cultivated according to this growth environment, with loose and ventilated, water and fertilizer conservation, PH 5.5 Mel 6.5 plant cultivation. There are many materials that can be used as plant materials, such as rotten leaf soil in the forest, coarse sand in the river, household cinder, as well as sawn wood, charcoal powder, plastic foam, decaying bark, broken bricks, grain husks, water moss, edible fungus waste, market immortal soil, perlite and so on. But each material has both advantages and disadvantages. For example, the rotten leaf soil collected from the mountain contains more humus, loose and breathable, water and fertilizer, and slightly acidic, which is very beneficial to the growth of orchid plants. However, it has fine particles, poor hydrophilicity, easy to solidify and lack oxygen, resulting in rotting roots, good coarse sand and cinder aggregate structure, strong air permeability and water repellency, but poor water and fertilizer conservation, and easy to dry and lose water. That is to say, at present, no material can be directly used as plant material, and it must be mixed with two or more materials before it can be used.

Therefore, before use, we should first understand the characteristics of each material, use its strengths, make up for its weaknesses, and prepare a more ideal orchid plant material. After the selection of materials, it is necessary to use methods such as drying or steaming, boiling, stir-frying and drug treatment to eliminate insects and sterilization and prevent pollution. And the sterilized materials should be screened respectively, which can be divided into coarse, medium and fine granularity. Finally, it is mixed according to a certain proportion and becomes the planting material. During cultivation, the coarse material is placed at the bottom of the basin, the medium material is cultivated in the middle, and the fine material is used for the upper part. The container of orchid is generally required to be in the shape of a high cylinder, with basin feet and good permeability. The size of the container is suitable for the orchid root to fully stretch in the basin.

The commonly used orchid pots are mud basin, pottery basin, glaze basin and plastic basin, which are not only suitable for the ground, but also suitable for balcony, roof and indoor. Their performances are different, with both advantages and disadvantages. Family orchid cultivation is mainly ornamental, with the basin had better use purple sand basin or plastic basin. Orchid special purple sand basin, mostly in the shape of a high-footed trumpet, porous bottom, hydrophobic and breathable, chic shape, color coordination with orchid plants, and engraved or painted with orchid patterns and orchid poems, highly ornamental. The plastic basin is deep, porous, light, neat, cheap, easy to move and reduce floor pressure. If you use a plastic basin, it is appropriate to use an electric drill or heat the wire to increase the holes in the middle and lower part of the basin wall to improve ventilation performance. Orchids should be selected according to the site, economic conditions and personal preferences.

2. Regulation of light and temperature and humidity:

Orchids prefer semi-shady environment and avoid dryness. The sun is weak in winter and soft in spring, which is suitable for orchid growth and can accept full light. From early summer to mid-autumn, the light time is long and the light quality is strong, which is disadvantageous to the growth of orchids and needs shading. The large-scale orchid cultivation site is located on the ground or roof, with a special orchid shed, which can be timely and appropriately regulated according to the light requirements of orchids in different seasons, different varieties and different growing periods. And the family orchid field is rarely on the ground or indoors, and the vast majority are on the balcony, which brings a lot of inconvenience to the lighting control. In the light of local conditions, corresponding measures should be taken to overcome this.

A small number of cultivation, it is appropriate to put under the tree shade or eaves, or the sun can be seen in the morning and evening, there is no sunshine after 9: 00 in the morning, or where there is skylight but no sunshine. Raise on the building, have east and west balcony put orchid to Dongyang platform; have north and south balcony put orchid to north balcony or windowsill, no north balcony can put outdoor or indoor windowsill. For a large number, the courtyard is covered with a shade shed and the balcony is equipped with a sunshade net, the shade degree of which is not less than 70%, and the shade degree of Mulan and Yilan should reach 80% and 90%. According to the data, orchids take root, sprout and grow normally, and the suitable temperature is 20 ℃-28 ℃. The growth was slow below 20 ℃, and the sound was rapid above 25 ℃. When it reached 30 ℃, it was forced to go into dormancy. The day temperature is 10 ℃-16 ℃ and the night temperature is 5 ℃-10 ℃, which is the winter dormancy period. The limit of low temperature tolerance is 3 ℃ below zero for Cymbidium, 4 ℃ below zero for Cymbidium, 2 ℃ below zero for Jianlan, and 2 ℃ below zero for Cymbidium. Most families raise orchids to survive the winter indoors, and they can safely survive the severe cold period without taking heating measures in winter and spring. If overwintering in the courtyard or balcony leeward, plastic film can be used to build a temporary greenhouse.