What should we pay attention to in the latest cultivation of fertile mandarin

The fruit of mandarin is of medium size in all orange varieties, and the average amount of a single fruit is probably no more than 150 grams. The pericarp is tightly wrapped, the pulp is red, the juice vesicles are small and short, and the ordinary varieties with thin cyst walls are also thinner. The pulp is very juicy and tender, and it tastes sweet, so it is loved by many people. However, it is more difficult to plant when we plant, and we do not know how to manage it after successful planting, so let's take a look at the matters needing attention in the cultivation of mandarin.

1. Selection and planting of seedlings

A good variety is the key factor to determine the final yield and survival rate of mandarin. When selecting seedlings, we should try to choose disease-free and non-toxic strong seedlings in non-epidemic areas, preferably container seedlings. Areas without frost can be planted from September to March of the following year, but the most suitable time for planting is around October of each year. If there is frost in the area should be chosen in the spring around March, there is no frost when the best planting, should pay attention to timely watering after planting, and then cover the tree plate with black film. This can not only keep warm and prevent weeds, but also promote the rapid rooting of trees, and conditional drip irrigation system can be laid to facilitate the topdressing of water and fertilizer in the later stage.

2. Topdressing fertilizer and water

Fertile mandarin has a strong early fruit, the result is early, so high yield is also early, as long as properly managed, planted in place, generally the third year will begin to enter the high yield period. At this stage, we must apply enough fertilizer and water to the trees to prepare for the next few years and try our best to achieve high yield every year. After entering the high-yield period, it is necessary to apply fertilizer at least three times a year, the first time is spring fertilizer, the amount of fertilizer accounts for 5% of the whole year, and nitrogen fertilizer is applied with organic fertilizer when it begins to sprout around February. The second time in June, the application of strong fruit to promote shoot fertilizer, the amount of fertilizer is also in 1 to 5, mainly nitrogen and potassium fertilizer. The third time is in October, when the base fertilizer should be applied, the amount of base fertilizer should be 3% of the whole year, dominated by organic fertilizer and supplemented by phosphate fertilizer.

3. Fruit thinning and harvest

Although the mandarin is difficult to survive, it will have a good growth trend as long as it is successfully planted. Generally speaking, the fruit drop of the mandarin in winter is very few, and the hanging fruit is strong and excellent. And the harvest period of the fruit is very long. However, it is important to note that the results of fertile oranges have the characteristics of large and small years. Therefore, in order to avoid the phenomenon of annual fruit and fruit too small, in production, we should pay attention to the appropriate fruit thinning and fruit picking according to the bearing capacity of the tree, and generally harvest all the fruit in March of each year.

4. Disease and pest control

After planting the seedlings, we should often inspect the orchard, often check the orchard to see if there is any abnormal situation, and should take corresponding measures, and then timely prevention and control. Emphasis is placed on the prevention and control of mites, butterflies, lice and anthrax. The resistance of mandarin to canker is very low or even non-resistant, so mandarin planted in areas with canker should pay attention to control work in spring and summer. And in the areas with Huanglong disease, pay attention to the control of wood lice, the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests is also one of the important conditions for the normal growth and high yield of mandarin.

The above four points are the matters that should be paid attention to when planting fertile oranges, especially the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. During the winter, the orchard soil should be ploughed and thoroughly disinfected. The disease and residual branches and fruits and fallen leaves and fruits were treated together to reduce the bacteria attached to the soil and branches and fruits for overwintering and reduce the incidence of diseases and insect pests. Improve the yield and quality of mandarin, strengthen the growth environment of mandarin.