< b > Culture and maintenance of violets < / b >

Violet can be divided into single and double flowers, the double flowers are large and compact, like hydrangeas around a style; the single flowers are loose, chasing and dancing like butterflies. The flowers and colors are rich, gorgeous and lovely, and there are attractive fragrances from them. The varieties can be divided into three types:

(1) Summer Violet: also known as Violet. One-year-old, small stems and leaves, early flowering, growing period of 100-150 days, strong aroma. After spring sowing, it blossoms from June to August.

(2) Autumn violets: sow in early spring and blossom in autumn. Sowing in autumn, culturing in greenhouse, flowering from winter to spring.

(3) Winter violets: perennial flowers with larger plants. It can be cultivated in open field in the south of our country. Autumn sowing, flowering by the Winter Solstice summer. Due to different sowing dates, the above three types of violets can basically bloom all the year round in warm areas.

Violets should not be planted too closely, otherwise they will cause diseases and insect pests due to poor ventilation. It is suitable to be planted in soil with fertile soil layer and good drainage. The basin soil can be mixed with 2 humus soil, 2 garden soil and 1 river sand. Fertilization is applied every 10 days in the growing season. Nitrogen fertilizer should not be too much, but phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer should be applied. Stop fertilizing during flowering and winter. It is common to see that the soil surface is dry and white and should be watered immediately, wet and dry. Violet likes warm climate in winter, so it is suitable to move indoors. It can endure a short-5 ℃ low temperature, and its reproduction is mainly sowing.

In the central part of China, the seeds are usually sown in the open field in the middle of September. The single flower should be selected as the female parent for seed collection. Although the double flower has high ornamental value, it can not bear seeds because of the lack of pistil. If the seed is collected from the potted female parent, the second generation double valve rate is more, which can account for more than 50%. The basin soil should be moist before sowing, cover a thin layer of fine soil after sowing, and no longer water it. If the basin soil is dry within half a month, the basin can be placed in half of the water and moistened from the bottom of the basin. Pay attention to shade after sowing, and seedlings can emerge in about 15 days.