Propagation and maintenance skills of Phalaenopsis

Phalaenopsis is a tropical epiphytic orchid, known as the "orchid queen". Racemes with many flowers, flowers in the shape of butterflies, colorful flowers and rich colors, long flowering period, is one of the most widely cultivated and popular species of Orchidaceae, and is loved by people all over the world. As a very important indoor flower, it is often found in the home and office, and it is also often used as the bride's hand bouquet in some areas.

Breeding methods of Phalaenopsis:

Phalaenopsis is usually propagated by tissue culture and split-plant method, but it is deeply regretted by many flower friends when there are no tillering buds and can not reproduce under family conditions. Here, I would like to recommend a technique for reproduction using butterfly orchid peduncles.

Cut off the remnant flowers and pedicels on the pedicels after flowering, and pay attention to retaining the ungerminated node buds (about 3-4 nodes); carefully remove the bracts on the uppermost 1-2 nodes, exposing the node buds, and be careful not to hurt the buds; apply a small amount of buds (plant hormones) evenly on the node buds; put the treated orchids in a suitable place, keeping the temperature at 25: 30 ℃ and humidity above 75%. After 2 or 3 months, 1 or 2 new flower seedlings can grow; when the new seedlings grow to a certain size, a small amount of water moss is wrapped in a small amount of film at the base, and when the seedlings grow 2-3 thick roots, they can be cut off and planted separately.

When family conservation of Phalaenopsis, we should pay attention to the following points:

(1) temperature: Phalaenopsis is native to the tropics and likes the environment of high temperature and humidity. During the growth period, the lowest temperature should be kept above 15 ℃, and the suitable temperature for growth should be 20-30%. Its growth will be inhibited when it is more than 35 ℃ in summer or less than 10 ℃ in winter. The blooming period is around the Spring Festival, proper cooling can prolong the viewing time, but not less than 13 ℃.

(2) moisture: Phalaenopsis is mostly planted on tree trunks in the country of origin, and its roots are exposed to the air. It can absorb water from the moist air, and the air humidity should be kept at 70%. When artificial cultivation, the root is buried in the cultivation substrate, such as too much watering, the ventilation of the substrate will become worse, the fleshy root will rot, the leaves will turn yellow, fall off, and lead to death in serious cases. The principle of watering: see dry and wet, water thoroughly. When the indoor air is dry, you can use a sprayer or can to spray to the leaves, but it should be noted that the water mist should not be sprayed on the flowers during the flowering period to avoid falling flowers and buds.

(3) Illumination: Phalaenopsis does not need much light, which is about the same as that of ordinary orchids. If you put it on the indoor windowsill, cover part of the sun with a window screen, 80% in summer, 60% in autumn, and 40% in winter. Before and after the flowering period, proper light can promote Phalaenopsis to bloom and make the flowers gorgeous and lasting.

(4) Nutrition: water grass and moss are generally used as the substrate for the cultivation of Phalaenopsis. The principle of fertilization should be less fertilization and light fertilizer. In the normal growth period, 2000 times of orchid special fertilizer was applied to the root, once every 2-3 weeks according to the growth condition. The compound flower fertilizer 1000-2000 times of water-soluble high phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be selected before flowering and sprayed once every 10 days. Stop applying fertilizer at flowering stage and in the season with lower temperature.

(5) changing pots: it takes about 2 years from seedling to flowering. Adult Phalaenopsis should change pots and plant materials after flowering every spring, otherwise it is easy to accumulate dirt and moss, plant materials are also easy to rot, breeding diseases and insect pests. For potted Phalaenopsis, it is appropriate to use porous and breathable plain burning pots. When planting, the planting material on the basin floor should account for at least 1x2 of the basin capacity, and part of the roots should be exposed on the basin surface. Do not bury them completely and deeply, otherwise they will hinder breathing and growth.