How to break the bottleneck of agricultural credit jointly by government and bank?

For small and micro enterprises in agriculture and poor farmers below the middle level, capital is a big problem for their survival and development, which requires the providers of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" financial services to hold the concept of capital preservation and small profit.

As a weak link of the real economy, "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" urgently need financial running water irrigation. It is of practical significance to give full play to the guiding role of the government, innovate the ways of agriculture-related loan guarantee or mortgage, and guide more funds to support agriculture, rural areas and farmers to become bigger and stronger.

Extensive canal construction beyond precision

Since the beginning of this year, the state has continued to implement targeted regulation and control measures for financial support for agriculture, rural areas and farmers. In February, the people's Bank of China reduced the deposit reserve ratio by an additional 0.5 percentage points for urban commercial banks and non-county rural commercial banks that reached the targeted reserve reduction standard for small and micro enterprises, and an additional 4 percentage points for the Agricultural Development Bank of China. In April, the people's Bank of China cut the reserve requirements of rural financial institutions such as rural credit cooperatives and village banks by 1 percentage point, and lowered the deposit reserve ratio of rural cooperative banks to the level of rural credit cooperatives. For commercial banks that meet prudent business requirements and have reached a certain proportion of loans for agriculture, rural areas and farmers and small and micro enterprises, the deposit reserve ratio has been reduced by 0.5 percentage points. In June, on the basis of the previous reserve reduction, the people's Bank of China brought large commercial banks and financial companies into the scope of targeted reserve reduction, and reduced the deposit reserve ratio by 0.5 percentage points for urban commercial banks and non-county agricultural commercial banks that reached the targeted reserve reduction standard for loans to agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Large state-owned commercial banks, joint-stock commercial banks and foreign-funded banks whose loans to "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" or small and micro enterprises have reached targeted reserve reduction standards will reduce the deposit reserve ratio by 0.5 percentage points.

"the implementation of these precise policies provided a strong support for the steady growth of agriculture-related credit in the first half of the year." Industry insiders said that looking forward to the second half of the year, new business type, new reforms and new changes will bring new development opportunities for "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" and county economic and financial development. at the same time, the structural risks and overall operating pressure faced by rural finance will also be highlighted.

In view of this, Zhao Xijun, deputy dean of the School of Finance and Finance of Renmin University of China, said that it is necessary to jump out of the existing credit structure, expand ideas, and provide as many financing methods as possible that can reduce the principal and interest paid by "agriculture, rural areas and farmers". To build a multi-level and multi-channel financing system.

Make good use of the government's "hand"

"it is very necessary to strengthen government and financial support in the weak links of the real economy, which is also one of the reasons why models such as joint credit enhancement and co-insurance funds are widely used in the field of credit support for agriculture." Du Xiaoshan, a researcher at the Institute of Rural Development of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said in an interview with the Economic Daily that this has touched the "pain point" of difficult and expensive financing for agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and has really helped the development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Du Xiaoshan believes that for small and micro enterprises in agriculture and poor farmers below the middle level, capital is a big problem for their survival and development, which requires the providers of financial services for agriculture, rural areas and farmers to maintain the concept of capital preservation and small profits. Only by increasing the support of the government in the middle can this concept be sustainable.

One of the important links is the establishment of the credit enhancement system. Not long ago, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Agriculture, and the CBRC issued the "guidance on Financial support for the Establishment of Agricultural Credit guarantee system" to establish an agricultural credit guarantee system supported by financial support. "only when the government and the market play their own roles and cooperate with each other can we really solve the financing problem of the weak links of the real economy," industry insiders said. Financial institutions should strengthen communication and cooperation with governments at all levels, promote local governments to set up policy guarantee companies and risk compensation funds, further strengthen the application of the government's credit enhancement model, establish a risk release mechanism, and effectively disperse business risks.

Work hard in the credit enhancement link

Since the Shandong Provincial Finance Department and financial institutions innovated and launched the "financing and credit enhancement" loan model, by the end of June 2015, finance at all levels in Shandong Province had invested a total of 284 million yuan, including 214 million yuan in provincial finance and 70 million yuan in city and county finance. At present, 33 of the 36 pilot counties for financing and credit enhancement have started lending, and cooperative banks have expanded from the initial two to all banks, granting a total of 290 million yuan of preferential loans to 375 agricultural operators.

Yihu, president of Shandong Branch of Agricultural Bank of China, believes that increasing credit through financing solves the problem of lack of physical mortgage for farmers' loans, and is an attempt to innovate the input mechanism for supporting agriculture. "in the selection of credit enhancement objects, it highlights the tilt of support for small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises, farmers' cooperatives, family farms and large professional households, thus realizing a win-win situation among the new main body of rural management, finance and banks. Take the financing credit business of Agricultural Bank of China Shandong Branch as an example. At present, it has been opened in 25 county branches, issuing loans of 140 million yuan. "

In fact, similar patterns have emerged in the field of credit support for agriculture in other regions. For example, the branch of Agricultural Development Bank of China in Chengde City, Hebei Province, closely combined with local conditions, strengthened cooperation with the government and various functional departments, and actively explored and implemented the model of "joint credit enhancement" of agricultural small business loans. that is, the project recommended by the government and relevant functional departments, the guarantee of agricultural policy financial guarantee center, and the independent examination of loans by the Agricultural Development Bank, so as to build a platform for financing guarantee and joint credit enhancement. Give full play to the guiding and supporting role of policy banks.