Culture methods of orchids (summary of two years)

There are many versions of orchid culture methods, each with its own characteristics. This article is a summary of flower friends' experience in raising orchids over the past two years. For novice flower friends, it has a very high reference value. It has been two years since I got the first orchid. I have just entered the entry stage. I have made mistakes and paid tuition fees in the past 700 days. Thanks to the help of the orchid friends around me.

The following is a summary of two years of orchid cultivation:

First, plant materials: when it comes to planting materials, it can be said that it is the most troublesome thing to raise orchids at the beginning. When you see the bark, you dig when you see the humus soil, get it back, sift it, and cook it in the sun, it will be fried, stuffy, and stewed. After finishing, the orchid was watered in the basin to fix the root. did you think it was over? Actually, not yet. What are you going to do after planting? Of course, it is the major QQ groups and forums that publish their own plant materials for advice. When they hear others say that their plant materials have so-and-so shortcomings, they suddenly feel stupid. Is also a certain degree of treasure to find good material formula, see a treasure of June 1, eight in one, ten in one quickly bought to turn the basin again and again tired and happy. As a result, only soil and pots are left to toss and turn.

Second, watering and fertilization: watering is the second biggest difficulty in raising orchids. If you don't do it or water it, how many people will be overcome by watering. It is said that the weight of pots and chopsticks has always been out of control over and over again. After reading an article in Friends Space, the general content is as follows:

Water is an essential element for plant growth. The content of water in plants is very high, up to more than 80%. Plants can grow normally only when they contain enough water. Because all kinds of biochemical reactions in plants, such as nutrient conversion, cell division and photocooperation, must be carried out with water. In the process of growth, plants usually elongate or expand their cells by absorbing water. If there is a lack of water, the swelling pressure of plant cells decreases, and the growth slows down or stops.

The main flow of water in plants. For terrestrial plants, water is inhaled by the root hair of the plant and flows along the root to the stem, leaf, flower and fruit. It is consumed by participating in various growth activities in the plant, and part of the water is lost into the atmosphere through the surface of the stem, leaf, flower and fruit.

The main effect of water on plants. One is to provide the necessary water for plant growth. The second is to act as a solvent for transporting various nutrients. Organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and other nutrients needed by plants are dissolved in water and then transported to the plant body by water. The third is that the plant dissipates the radiant heat absorbed by the plant by losing water into the atmosphere to avoid a substantial rise in body temperature. The fourth is the gasification of environmental water, which can take away a lot of heat energy and adjust the ambient temperature.

The active protection of plants to water. When there is not enough water in the plant, it will instinctively close the surface stomata, reduce the rate of water loss and prevent the loss of a large amount of water. Plants also close their stomata during dormancy, at night or when it is hot and dry at noon in summer to reduce the rate of water loss and protect water in the body.

The amount of water consumed and lost by plants and the amount of water inhaled by the roots must be balanced. When the former is greater than the latter, the water content of the plant decreases, and the water potential and swelling pressure also decrease accordingly, affecting the normal growth of the plant. When beyond a certain limit, the normal physiological process of the plant will be seriously disturbed, causing the plant to suffer damage until death. This condition of water deficit is called water stress in theory.

The harm of water to plants. When there is too much water in the soil, the soil waterlogging will block the oxygen supply of the root system, hinder the aerobic respiration and cause damage to the plant root system.

To sum up, our principle of water supply in the process of Yilan is to give enough water as much as possible without damaging the root system, and do not advocate dry maintenance. Especially during the growing period, do not buckle the water, otherwise the seedling will be the bud.

Some people may want to ask: whenever the temperature is high, pour the seedlings to the flood, how to do without withholding the water? This problem, I personally think, it is not the fault of water, as long as you use clean potable water. It should be fertilizer (medicine), especially the plant material, and the fault of temperature. Hey hey, put the blame on someone else. Stay and see, maybe you'll understand something.

Then Yunfei. Fertilizer is also an indispensable important element of plant growth. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are the main fertilizers in the process of plant growth. Other kinds of fertilizer are trace fertilizers.

The effect of fertilizer. The main role of nitrogen: first, it constitutes the main components of plant protein. The content of plant protein in plant cells is very high, up to about 17%. Second, the composition of plant hormones and plant vitamins also needs nitrogen.

When nitrogen is deficient, the synthesis of organic matter in the plant is blocked, the plant grows slowly, the seedlings are short, and the leaves are yellowed. If there is too much nitrogen, the leaves will be dark green, the branches and leaves will grow, the mature period will be delayed, and the plant will be vulnerable to diseases and insect pests because of its poor adaptability to the environment.

The main functions of phosphorus are as follows: first, it is an important component of plant cells, which exists in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Second, it is indispensable to participate in photosynthesis, respiration and so on in the process of plant growth. Third, phosphate maintains the osmotic potential of the cells in the plant cell liquid, which can also be simply understood as maintaining the osmotic order of the liquid in the plant, so that the infiltration will not be out of order.

When phosphorus deficiency, plant protein synthesis is blocked, affecting cell division, short plants, few branches, few flowers, dark green or purplish red leaves. If there is too much phosphorus, the leaves will produce small focal spots (caused by the deposition of calcium phosphate), and will also affect the absorption of other trace elements in varying degrees.

The main role of potassium: first, in the process of plant growth, as an enzyme activator to participate in the plant body important metabolism. The second is to promote the synthesis of proteins and sugars in plants. The third is to improve the quality of water in plants, reduce viscosity and enhance cell water retention. Fourth, it affects the swelling and pressure of cells in plants, and participates in the control of cell water absorption.

When potassium is deficient, the leaves are green, the leaf margin is scorched, the growth is slow, and the drought resistance and cold resistance become worse.

Although fertilizer is an important element of plant growth, it is much less than water. The principle of fertilization in the process of Yilan is: less slow application and no heavy application.

Less application refers to each fertilization as light as possible; slow application means that the interval between secondary fertilization is as long as possible; to put an end to concentrated application is to never apply thick fertilizer. Why? The concept of "infiltration" is mentioned above, so I'll start with infiltration.

Infiltration, in short, refers to the process of liquid moving from one environment to another. Langen's water absorption is also a process of infiltration. The principle of infiltration is that the liquid flows from the low concentration side to the high concentration side. According to this principle, if thick fertilizer is applied, the water in Langen is likely to be sucked out by thick fertilizer. Boy, it's so good! That's good enough. The same goes for the application of medicine. What? Who said you didn't believe it? If you don't believe me, just do an experiment.

Take a white radish, cut it into strips and divide it into two parts. Soak one cent with clean water and one cent with salt water, the effect of adding more salt is more obvious, after a period of time to see, the result I will not say more.

The following is my summary:

A plant material: the plant material is not good or bad suitable for the most important, hydrophobic moisture is the key fertility with the seedling.

Second watering: water is not only the source of all things, but also the foundation of all things.

Third, fertilization: slow application of roots makes seedlings strong, thick application of rotten roots and seedlings.

Four sterilization: the medicine is limited in the end, the sunlight is the most powerful.

Five insecticidal: the family environment is very limited, do not treat high poison as a child's play, the right medicine is true.