Adjustment of agricultural structure must not reduce grain production

With the improvement of people's living standards and the upgrading of the consumption structure of agricultural products, the agricultural planting and breeding structure must be adjusted in time. After the realization of the "eleven consecutive growth" of grain production in China, major changes have taken place in the relationship between supply and demand, and there has been a periodic oversupply of some grain varieties, which also provides a rare opportunity for adjusting the agricultural structure. There is no doubt that changing the mode and adjusting the structure is the key task of rural reform and development. however, in some places, the phenomenon of relaxing grain production and weakening the sense of responsibility for safeguarding national food security have emerged in some places. This sign should be taken seriously.

Changing the mode of development and readjusting the agricultural structure will in no way mean reducing grain production. Although the current grain output of our country has exceeded 1.2 trillion jin, the grain supply is still in a state of "tight balance". With the growth of population, the rapid progress of urbanization, the expansion of the use of grain industry and the upgrading of consumption structure, grain consumption will continue to grow rigidly in the future, and "tight balance" will be the long-term situation of grain supply and demand in China. If there is a slight relaxation in grain production, the "tight balance" can easily be broken. In fact, at present, the per capita grain in China is about 900 jin, which is still not a small gap with the developed countries, and it is difficult to fully meet the needs of people to improve their diet. In the event of a decline in domestic food production and supply in a populous country like China, it is impossible to solve the food problem through imports. Therefore, the country has repeatedly stressed that "we are the main, based on the domestic, to ensure production capacity." "if you take a long time, eating is the most important thing." If we fail to ensure grain production capacity, the top priority of food production will become a problem, and it will be difficult to guarantee economic development and people's livelihood. Therefore, adjusting and optimizing the agricultural structure does not mean relaxing grain production, but must build a solid national food security system to ensure that the Chinese people's rice bowls are firmly in their own hands at all times.

Not only that, structural adjustment must take the stability of grain production as the premise and the increase of grain production capacity as the fundamental, because grain is the material basis of structural adjustment. With the development of social productive forces and the deepening of the division of labor, the division of agricultural industrial structure is becoming more and more detailed. Generally speaking, planting, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and sideline in large-scale agriculture are regarded as the primary structure; each industry is subdivided into subdivisions, for example, the planting industry includes food crops, cash crops, oil crops, and other crops, which is a secondary structure; food crops also include corn, rice, wheat, potatoes and so on, which is a three-tier structure. In this multi-level structure, the development of forestry, animal husbandry and aquaculture, or the processing and transformation of feed and food, and then the joint development of the three industries are inseparable from grain, and must be based on the stability and development of grain production. Only when grain production is stabilized and increased can more labor, land, and funds be freed from agricultural production, and more grain and agricultural by-products can be used as raw materials to develop cash crops, forestry, animal husbandry and sideline fishery, processing industry and other secondary and tertiary industries. Practice at home and abroad shows that the development speed and level of grain production determine the upgrading of industrial structure and economic development to a great extent.

Under the condition of market economy, price is the most important factor affecting farmers' enthusiasm of growing grain, and the structural adjustment is mainly realized through the induction mechanism of price signal. At present, there is downward pressure on grain prices, the cost of grain production is rising, the comparative efficiency of growing grain is on the low side, and some cash crops are no longer "economic", which has begun to affect the enthusiasm of farmers to grow grain. If there is a strong signal of "de-feeding" in public opinion and propaganda, major adjustments in policies and inactive acquisitions may cause major fluctuations in grain production and have a negative impact on economic and social development. To improve the grain price formation mechanism and keep grain prices at a reasonable level, it is necessary for the government to increase investment and subsidies, and to strengthen the construction of agricultural infrastructure. But in the final analysis, under the condition of limited resources, stabilizing grain income, improving quality and increasing efficiency must be realized by science and technology and innovation. The transformation mode of agricultural development is to shift from relying on resources and material input to relying on scientific and technological progress and improving the quality of workers. Modern scientific and technological achievements and new business models should be introduced into all fields and links of agricultural structure adjustment and the integrated development of the three industries, so as to improve the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress. In particular, we will strengthen scientific and technological innovation in the seed industry, tackle key problems of green grain production, and strive to improve the per unit yield and quality of agricultural products, so as to provide more space for agricultural restructuring.

It can be seen that we must jump out of the either-or mindset of grain production and agricultural structural adjustment, and work out a new road of coordinated development and mutual promotion between the two. This road is the road driven by innovation. In order to develop appropriate scale operation of agriculture, we must also avoid de-grain, resolutely prohibit non-agriculture, and prevent adverse effects on national food security. Acts that seriously damage agricultural production capacity should be resolutely investigated and dealt with.