How to cultivate national orchid (experience)

Flower friends who newly raise national orchids do not know how to raise national orchids. Quancheng Guolan Farm, located in Yuemei Village, Shanlin Township, Kaohsiung County, Taiwan, is jointly managed by Su Wuxiong and Su Liqiang and his son, covering an area of more than six hectares. Planting Huilan, Cymbidium, Sijilan and Chunlan. And other varieties of national orchid, and also provide planting experience to orchid lovers. In addition to flowers, the farm is also a professional litchi production farm, including jade purse, black leaves and other varieties.

Their father and son have rich experience and methods in cultivating national orchids, and they would like to share their experiences with readers:

Timing of ◎ watering flowers

Some people say that to learn to grow orchids, you should first learn to water for three years. This sentence just points out that watering is the most important link in orchid cultivation. The amount of watering varies with the season, the place, and the state of the orchid itself, so there is no definite number. It can be said that as long as the topsoil is too dry, it will be watered.

As for the time of watering, it is appropriate to water at dusk in summer, and when it is colder in winter, water should be watered when the sun is just coming out in the morning, and try to dry the water droplets attached to the leaves in a short time. Because the water droplets attached to the leaves will form a lens to refract the sun to burn the leaves, or the spores of harmful bacteria in the air will cause disease, and if the water seeps into the basin in hot summer, it will rise with the temperature, making the roots rot, on the contrary, if watered in the winter dusk, orchid leaves or roots will be frostbitten by water cooling at night. Generally speaking, orchids do not like the drying time in the basin is too long, try to maintain a certain humidity in the basin. In addition, when watering, the sprinkler had better be more than 30 cm away from the orchid leaf surface (can make part of the nitrogen in the air into the water to become natural fertilizer) the water flow should not be too strong (to avoid shaking the orchid plant to wash away the plant), and try to drain the water from the drainage hole at the bottom of the basin, so that the waste gas in the basin can be completely replaced.

◎ suitable temperature

The national orchid can adapt to a wide range of temperatures, and the climate of the whole island of Taiwan is very suitable for the cultivation of orchids, so generally interesting orchids do not need to pay special attention to the temperature factor. no, no, no. If the best temperature is about 23-28 degrees during the day, it is best to add a black plastic net (about 50%-70%) when the weather is too hot in summer to avoid direct sunlight damage to flowers and leaves. The most suitable temperature at night is about 15 ~ 20 degrees, and the best temperature difference between day and night is not more than 10 ~ 15 degrees.

◎ is suitable for humidity

Wild orchids generally grow between mountains with high air humidity, mainly nourished by Rain Water and dew fog, especially in the vicinity of clear springs or streams, where the relative humidity of the space is generally 80% 90%. Therefore, when raising orchids, it is best to emulate the natural ecological environment from other plateaus and increase the humidity of the space as much as possible. The humidity of the orchid room is 70-90 as the most standard (relative humidity). If the humidity is not enough, an electric sprayer can be set up to make the space often have moisture flow to adapt to the growth of orchids. For the family to raise orchids, water tanks, water plates, water tanks or sand and gravel can be set up in the orchid house to expand the surface area of the water surface and let the water evaporate upward. In addition, you can also sprinkle water on the ground in the morning and afternoon on a sunny day. But avoid large amounts of spray to affect foliar evapotranspiration and avoid mosquito breeding in water containers.

◎ sunshine brightness

Light is very important to the growth of orchid plants. National orchids like the eastern sun in the morning. If there is not enough light, the orchid plants are weak and overgrown; if the light or western sun is too strong, the leaves are easily yellowed or scorched, and the ornamental value is greatly reduced. National orchid is a semi-shady plant, but every day should be more than 10000~15000LUX illumination, not too dark, that is, 50%-70% shading rate. An appropriate increase of 20% light in winter and spring is more beneficial to the growth of orchids.

◎ ventilation condition

When planting national orchids, you should pay attention to the ventilation of the site. If the orchid frame is too low, the shade is too low, the distance between the flowerpots is too close, and the number of plants in the pot is too many, the leaves rub against each other, and this condition of poor ventilation can easily lead to diseases and insect pests and poor growth. The improved discrimination should pay attention to the key points mentioned above, and can also be remedied by fans and exhaust fans. If the wind is too strong on one side of the site, you can cover it with a sparse net or translucent plastic board. And keep the air flow of the orchid room smooth and the air fresh.

◎ chooses orchid basin

It is best to burn the orchid basin with tall body element, which has the advantage of good hydrophobicity and oxygen permeability and easy to grow moss; the moss on the pot can weaken the heat absorption efficiency of the flowerpot, avoid the orchid pot being injured by strong sunlight and contact with the orchid pot, as well as moisturizing effect. The glaze basin is inferior, but it is more beautiful. If the drainage hole is large and the tripod is high, it can also be used. Although the porcelain basin is beautiful, it is a pity that it has high density; poor air permeability and hydrophobic performance may damage the blue root, so it is best not to use it. The shape of the tall basin is beautiful, the orchids are tall and straight, and Lilan hates to grow. However, in recent years, due to the increasing scale of orchid cultivation by Lanyou, the technology has gradually matured, and the orchid pot has been gradually replaced by plastic orchid pot due to cost considerations. no, no, no. no, no, no.

◎ planting plant material

Plants that have a certain degree of hygroscopicity, do not dissolve chemicals, and do not absorb fertilizer on the surface are the best, and it is best not to use rice husks as plant materials to raise orchids at home, otherwise it is easy to create ant nests (anti-insect ants can be prevented by spraying lime once a year), gravel, snake sawdust and other traditional methods.

Ramet and Transplantation of ◎

If you are in a greenhouse with heating equipment, you can split and transplant at any time except in midsummer, and it is better to transplant before and after the Spring Equinox or the Autumn Equinox in other environments.

The order of ramet and transplantation:

Hold the bowl with your left hand and slap your left wrist with your right hand, so that the root in the bowl can be easily shaken out. If it is too well developed to be detached, take out the stone carefully and then take out the root.

Before the ramet, pull out the rotten root and carefully examine its state, examine and determine the ramet situation. After the division is decided, dial it away with your left hand and carefully cut it with a sharp blade (you can also use scissors, but it is easy to hurt the root or bud point if you are not careful). And smear it on the cut with fungicide.

Pull out the rest of the rotten roots before planting and clean up the vicinity of the corm. The rotten root is weak and fragile, so it can be pulled up as long as it is pulled.

Clean the roots or leaves before planting, as the leaves may contain scale insects or dirt, and even the base of the leaves should be thoroughly cleaned.

The new bowl should be washed with water before use, and if the old bowl is used, it should be scalded with old boiling water and sunburned before use, and the root should be placed in the bowl carefully considering the posture of the species before planting to determine the position of the root.

Spread the thumb-sized gravel at the bottom of the bowl to 1/3, then put the soybean-sized gravel to four-fifths, fill it and leave as little space as possible, and finally pour in the large bean plant (or covered with water moss) to bury all the false bulbs in the soil.

After planting, put the whole pot into the water for one minute, then pick it up and place it in a cool place for about a week before normal management.