Culture methods and matters needing attention of national orchid

For the cultivation methods and matters needing attention of the national orchid, we need to understand the basic knowledge of the national orchid. The national orchid mainly includes Chunlan, Cymbidium, Jianlan, Han orchid, ink orchid and spring sword, with elegant flowers and delicate fragrance. Orchid leaves are an important part of viewing. Orchid farmers all want their orchid leaves to be clean and green without focal disease spots. Plant weak flowers are not ideal, this article will be in addition to the experience of conservation in recent years to discuss with the students, in order to jointly improve the national orchid maintenance skills, ink orchid maintenance can also be used for reference.

The following points should be paid attention to in the daily maintenance of Guolan:

1. Plant materials should be breathable:

No matter the hard plant material or soft material is used, the plant material must be breathable up and down, especially the soft material such as peat, and other ingredients that make it fluffy after watering should be added, otherwise the air permeability becomes worse after watering. Langen is easy to rot in an impermeable environment, and it can be said that "Qi" is the life of orchids. Full use of hard-grain plant materials such as blue stone, sea pumice, gold stone and other planting should pay attention to watering, otherwise the plant material is too dry and prone to dry roots. When planting orchids, do not press the plant material like other flowers, you should add plant material while patting the basin wall, so that the plant material will be naturally implemented. If pressing will cause the plant material to be too close to affect air permeability, Sichuan Orchid Family summed up well, "if you want the orchid to grow well, the wind blows upside down."

2. Dry the roots before planting:

No matter the seedlings newly descended from the mountain, bought online or from the old basin mouth, cut off the rotten roots, empty roots and rotten leaf beetles before planting, and also pay attention to scraping off the scale insects and other diseases that may exist in the leaf beetles and in the leaf grooves. After washing the whole plant, soak it in a solution of 800 to 1000 times Topurazine for about 20 minutes, hang it upside down and dry until the fleshy roots become soft and white, and the time should not be too long to avoid leaf dehydration. The purpose of hanging is to make the root and ramet wound scab not easy to rot, and then it can be planted in the pot.

3. Watering properly:

Orchids like greater air humidity, there should be a certain amount of water content in the plant material, but the plant material should not be too wet for a long time, otherwise the roots will rot. Coarse-grained plant material can appropriately increase the watering frequency, soft material can be kept often "moist", not too frequently watering, no matter which kind of plant material is watered thoroughly. Turn on the small electric fan to dry the stagnant water in the heart of the leaf quickly after pouring, especially when the temperature is above 15 degrees, otherwise there will be new bud waterlogging or stem rot, and the lower part of the new seedling will begin to rot from yellowish brown to the whole seedling. In serious cases, the whole plant is dead in about a week, which is hopeless.

4. Ventilation should be gentle:

Orchid culture environment should be well ventilated, too close is easy to give birth to diseases and insect pests, light wind blowing is the most appropriate, to avoid strong wind, the wind is too large leaf edge serrated friction easy to hurt leaves, may also cause folded leaves, leaf damage affect beauty.

5. Fertilization should be light:

"clear orchid, turbid jasmine", orchid growth in a year is small, do not need too much fertilizer. If the new orchid has serious root injury, there is no need to apply fertilizer within a year, and the old pot mouth should sprinkle a little slow-release fertilizer on the basin before sprouting in spring and sprinkle it again in early autumn. Do not love to apply fertilizer frequently, especially do not apply liquid fertilizer to orchids that have just been planted with serious root injury. At this time, fertilization will seriously affect wound healing. In the over-fertilized plant material, the crystal head of the new root will atrophy and show yellowish brown or even black loss of absorption function. The normal growth of Langen root tip crystal head is white and root hair is dense, the absorption is strong, the whole plant growth is exuberant.

6. Light should be moderate:

National orchid flowers should be properly shaded from early summer to Mid-Autumn Festival to avoid direct sunlight around noon. Too strong sunlight will burn leaves, and full light can be accepted from Mid-Autumn Festival to early summer, in which Cymbidium can have a little more sunlight. There are differences in light intensity, temperature and time in different regions, which can be appropriately advanced or postponed shading time. After flowers bloom, shading can prolong the opening time, increasing shading at jointing stage can increase the height of flowers, and the flowers with more shade petals will be greener.

7. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests should be timely:

The main diseases of orchids are anthracnose, black spot, etc., high temperature and humid weather pay special attention to ventilation, to spray some fungicides to prevent, good ventilation conditions are not easy to get sick. Insect pests are mainly scale insects and thrips. It is found that a small number of scale insects can be scraped off and can be sprayed in the nymph stage in May, which can generally be controlled and will not cause fatal harm to orchids. Thrips have a headache, and it is most likely to bite into the center of the leaves when the new buds open in early summer, forming yellow-brown stripes, and causing viral invasion to cause weak growth or even death of the new seedlings, which in turn affects the growth of the whole plant. Summer will also harm the flowers of Jian Lan (four seasons orchid), resulting in stiff buds can not open normally. Thrips are seriously harmful, so they should spray medicine in time before opening the mouth after the new buds are unearthed, because it has wings flying from the outside, so it should be sprayed repeatedly. Drugs can be purchased in the agricultural market, but must pay attention to drug safety, especially indoors can not be used, balcony should also pay attention to drug safety, spray should wear masks, clean exposed skin in time after spraying, so as not to cause harm to the human body, this must not be careless.

The above brief experience, discussed with the students, as the saying goes, "killing pigs and buttocks, each has its own knife", different regions have different techniques of raising orchids, one hole is only for students' reference.