Novice raise orchids (from buying to maintaining the whole article)

Novice orchids will encounter a variety of problems, from what varieties to how to grow orchids, to how to raise orchids requires evil knowledge in every process. Enthusiastic florists have summed up a question-and-answer article on raising orchids for novice orchids. The whole article is easy to understand and can be answered according to different questions. If florists speculate carefully, you can gain a lot of valuable experience.

First, the "heart" that orchids should have.

I remember that I once saw the article "Heart Sutra of raising Orchid" in a book, which was exquisite and breathtaking, but it was a little too profound for Xin Lanyou. In fact, for Xin Lanyou, the most important thing is perseverance. As for love, patience, confidence and responsibility, they should all be accompanied by perseverance. Without perseverance, it will be difficult to talk about anything else. Dill is a long-term process, and you can't lose interest just because you die and give up completely under the excuse that "orchids are not easy to grow". People always shift their responsibilities to foreign affairs and do not reflect on themselves. "Orchids can't be raised well, not because orchids are not easy to raise, but because you haven't mastered how to feed them. It's a human problem, not a flower problem. " This is what I have said to many flower buyers.

Second, the most important goal of raising orchids

People with different orchids have different goals of raising orchids, such as cultivating sentiment, improving quality, adding interest, decorating halls, and so on, and some hold the mentality of getting rich and getting rich, but all of these cannot go beyond the word "feed". Flowers can't even live, so what are we talking about? Therefore, "feeding" is the most basic and first key point. My point of view is: "newcomers to the orchid, first to feed, and then to consider good, and then consider sperm, so follow the rules, not impatient, can enter the orchid." If you are in a hurry, you will change, and if you are dry, you will have no fun. "

Third, the construction of the environment

For example, the general environment such as region and climate cannot be changed by manpower, and some small environments, such as household structure, orientation, and whether there is a balcony, cannot be changed, and can only be modified within a controllable range according to local conditions. On the question of the place where orchids are placed, they are generally kept indoors, and the situation in the face of a harsh environment will be less, and it is not easy to lose. In order to comply with the habits of orchids, there is no problem with general ventilation and temperature, and the common problem is humidity. In areas where the humidity is not enough, many methods can be taken to humidify, not to mention the large investment and numerous equipments. in general, the easiest way is to keep water in the water plate at the bottom of the orchid basin, and the water should not spread over the vent at the bottom of the basin to ensure that the bottom is breathable. The edge of the orchid basin had better place a bowl of water, so that the humidity of such a small environment can generally meet the humidity requirements of about 60. If it is still too dry, a small type of atomizer (not a humidifier on the market) can be placed on the edge of the orchid basin.

4. Orchids suitable for cultivation, and follow-up sequence categories

This is basically a well-known problem, starting with Jianlan. Jianlan generally has thick roots and luxuriant leaves, and the Reed head is strong, which is very suitable for new orchid friends. Among the many varieties of Jianlan, Xiao Taohong and Jinhe are the best. These two varieties belong to the four seasons construction orchid category, under normal circumstances, a season can completely guarantee the last three flowers, flowers on the bud are very easy. After Jian Lan, I personally think that hybrid spring orchids, such as jade linglong, Jasper round lotus and big reunion, should be the best choice. The second is Chunlan or Douban, the following mountain mature grass is appropriate, do not touch the grass first; varieties of grass, but also to Yichun Xian, Guanyao Mei, Snow Mountain Tiancao, Jiyuan and other low-priced grass is better. Followed by the ink orchid, but also to such as enterprise black, Daming and other cheap grass. After these four categories have been cultivated, we can consider the stout, multi-seedling genus of Cymbidium, spring sending, spring sword and broad-leaf cold orchid, and finally the downhill lotus petal. All large categories of high-priced varieties of grass are best to start growing again when there is no problem, so as to avoid unnecessary economic losses.

5. Selection and purchase of orchids

The following mountain ripe grass is mainly or the line grass in the variety of grass is due to the low price. When selecting grass, it is best to choose a large grass with a large number of seedlings, at least not less than 3 seedlings with 1 leaf bud. The reason why we have to bring at least one leaf bud can guarantee that it is not all old seedlings, because it is more difficult for some old seedlings to reproduce leaf buds. The more roots, the better, the thicker the better, no empty root, no black root, no rotten root, root tip with crystal head is the best choice. The stronger the Reed head of Orchid seedlings, the better. Orchid leaves had better not have disease spots. There is no dark brown leaf in the leaf core. The leaves are thick, hard and shiny. Leaf length, leaf width, leaf posture and overall plant type are chosen according to personal preference. After all, "enjoy the flowers for a while and watch the leaves for years".

VI. The choice of orchid pots

Considering the comprehensive situation of beauty, price and practicality, it is recommended to use a black plastic basin with wall holes. Under the condition of actual use, the heat preservation and heat absorption of transparent plastic basin is not as good as that of black basin, but the observable effect of so-called plant humidity is not as ideal as expected, and the beauty is not as good as black basin. If you really feel that the beauty is not enough, it is recommended to plant it in a plastic pot and cover it in a suitable purple sand, sweat sand or pottery basin. Porcelain pots should never be used.

VII. Collocation of planting materials

The plant materials that can be used to raise orchids are the most widely used. after long-term experiments, individuals feel the best (mainly in terms of follow-up management): 50% volcanic stone, 40% pond cornerstone, 5% snake wood and 5% coconut skin. large or medium-sized coke or cinder is padded at the bottom of the basin. If the above plant materials are not available, they can be replaced accordingly: volcanic stone-red brick grain, pond cornerstone-goldstone, light stone, snake wood can be bought on Taobao, there is no substitute for the time being, coconut skin can be replaced with peanut skin, but the effect is not as good as coconut skin. generally, when buying orchids in Fujian, Shantou and other places, you can ask for a gift (much more practical than giving an orchid).

8. The way of planting orchids

Generally, orchids can be divided into two categories: deep planting and shallow planting, roughly taking Reed head as the boundary standard. All the Reed heads were planted deeply under the surface of the plant, and most of them were planted shallowly on the surface of the plant. The pros and cons of deep planting: the new buds will grow stout, and the new roots will grow more and faster; but the germination rate is low, and it is easy to wet buds during the budding period, causing the flowers to rot before they are uprooted. When it is damp in summer, if it is poorly ventilated, it is easy to suffer from stem rot and soft rot. The pros and cons of shallow planting: the germination rate is high, but it is not as strong as the seedlings grown by deep planting, but it can basically avoid the disadvantages of deep planting. What I use is shallow planting, which feels much simpler than deep planting from the point of view of late management, so I would recommend shallow planting.

IX. The use of orchid fertilizer

There are many kinds of orchid fertilizer, but there will be many problems in fertilization, such as easily causing fertilizer damage due to fertilizer accumulation, excessive fertilizer burning roots, and so on, so I used to adopt the cleaning method, that is, I did not use any fertilizer to see the bud and flowers at that time, but also not easy to get sick, the leaves were smooth and clean, did not see any discomfort, and lived entirely on plant materials and nutrients in water, which can be fully proved that orchids really do not like to be fat. After that, he learned a method of fattening from an old man who raised orchids, that is, watering orchids with tap water soaked in Maifan stone. Because Maifan stone is a natural ore, rich in more than 30 trace minerals, after soaking in water, it will release trace minerals into the water, making tap water into micro-fertilizer water, and can also play the role of softening water. After use, the effect is very good, and it will not cause fat damage. In fact, the barreled mineral water, mineral kettle and tap water purifier we sell on the market are all affected by Maifan stone. Therefore, this so-called fertilization method has been adopted one year after the experiment.

The method of putting orchids in pots

The method of potting no longer says anything, because this textbook is more professional, such as soaking roots, drying roots and so on, so I won't say much here. What needs to be mentioned, however, is the question of fungicides. It is generally recommended to use "carbendazim" or "methyl topiramate". Friends who do not want to spend money, especially those who smoke, can also use water soaked on cigarette butts, which is equally effective in killing virus and sterilization, which has been mentioned on many occasions. And I used it myself, and it's really good. But it should be noted that it is best to soak the cigarette butts one day in advance, the time is too short, and the effect is poor; if the time is too long, the taste of the water and some sticky feeling make people afraid to use it. So it's best to do it one day earlier.

The method of watering orchids

The watering method of orchids is more exquisite, generally, it is best to adopt a better method, that is, to pour water to the basin surface with corresponding utensils. In the actual situation, it is found that there are advantages and disadvantages of the instruments used in watering. If you use cola bottles or water cups and so on, there will often be a strong water flow potential, which is not easy to make the plant absorb as much water as possible, and this kind of large-caliber instruments can easily pour water onto the leaves, causing the leaf core to enter the water. It is best to use a special spray can, and it is best to water it when it is adjusted to fine flow. In order to prevent the plant material from splashing, slow pouring should be close to the plant material. As for the method of soaking the pot, it can indeed make the plant absorb enough water, but if you can make a pot of orchids with a basin of water, otherwise you can still adopt the method of watering, because no one knows which pot of orchids contains viruses, diseases and insects, and then infect other orchids, the loss outweighs the gain.

Methods of decontamination of orchid leaves

Generally, orchid leaves are relatively easy to dust, so it is not advisable to decontaminate by spraying water, because it is easy to let the leaf core into the water, thus causing stem rot and soft rot, which is a pot. The same is true even when taking a shower in summer. Although it is possible to glue the leaf core water out of the water with cotton swabs or twisted toilet paper after spraying water, it is most appropriate and safe to wipe the leaves with dry toilet paper in consideration of the simplicity and safety of the operation, but be careful not to pull the leaves to prevent the leaves (especially the heart leaves) from being torn off.

13. Interval of watering time for orchids

This seems to be a difficult question, and there is no clear answer in almost all books. Indeed, considering many specific circumstances, there is really no way. But because I am in the orchid business, when a client asks me this question, if I answer it according to the truth, I am afraid it will be difficult to leave 99% of my clients. Fortunately, I have been raising orchids at home for several years, because I am the kind of person who likes to simplify things, so if I strictly follow my above method of raising orchids, I can say a relatively accurate time, that is, once a week. (it should be noted that at present, it is feasible to try it only in the Beijing area, and I do not know whether it is feasible elsewhere.) Water it in the morning when it is hot and at noon when it is cold.

The function of Orchid Books

Orchid cultivation focuses on hands-on practice, but part of the role of books can not be ignored. If you are new to raising orchids, you must know how to distinguish between national orchids and foreign orchids. Because this article is about the national orchid, you should know that the national orchid can be divided into several categories-- namely, Chunlan, Cymbidium, Jianlan, Mulan, Cold Orchid, Spring Jian, Lotus petal, Douban, and sending Spring. You need to know the habits of these categories, right? How to distinguish between different orchids? How to distinguish the valve type? How many kinds of tongue flaps are there? How many kinds of flaps do you have? What does Ye Yi have? How to distinguish different flower diseases according to the performance of leaves? Wait. These need to read books.