Urbanization cannot be turned into a unified urban and rural area.

Urbanization is a natural historical process, and there are differences in the orientation, content and focus of urbanization in different development stages and different development conditions. China is a large developing country with a large population and a vast territory. the level of economic development and the conditions of urbanization are very different in different regions. Comrade Xi Jinping pointed out at the ninth meeting of the Central Financial and Economic leading Group: "to promote urbanization is not to unify urban and rural areas." However, some places blindly copy them in disregard of their own conditions and rush out in disregard of economic laws, resulting in chaotic phenomena such as relocating villages and towns, building houses and building cities, and forcing farmers to enter the cities and go upstairs. In this regard, we must attach great importance to it and resolutely correct the deviation.

The significance of urbanization to economic development lies in that the industrial and commercial activities it gathers have the effect of increasing returns of scale in unit geographical space. Only urbanization with the effect of increasing returns of scale is healthy urbanization, otherwise it is unsustainable abnormal urbanization. In the areas with different development conditions, the urbanization content corresponding to the increasing returns of scale is different.

The underdeveloped areas in the central and western regions have underdeveloped industry and commerce and few employment opportunities. In these areas, the main content of urbanization is the cultivation and agglomeration of urban industrial and commercial industries and the corresponding creation of employment opportunities. The key point in promoting urbanization is to attract investment and expand employment. Simply moving villages and towns, farmers passively go to the city to go upstairs, can not bring incremental benefits of scale. This is because there is a lack of non-agricultural employment opportunities, and the agricultural surplus labor force still has to go out to work, while agricultural employment increases the commuting time and cost of agricultural labor due to the widening distance between the place of residence and the agricultural production site. resulting in a decline in agricultural productivity, a decline in the quality of life of farmers and an increase in costs.

In the more developed areas along the southeast coast, there is obvious industrial and commercial agglomeration and sufficient jobs, which attracts a large number of migrant workers to find jobs. As migrant workers send most of their income back to their hometown, the scale of the consumer market in these areas where migrant workers are more concentrated is obviously smaller than that of GDP output, and the development of urban service industry lags behind. To promote urbanization in these areas, we should mainly guide migrant workers and their families as a whole to move into cities and towns, realize citizenization, promote the expansion of consumption scale and the upgrading of consumption structure, and promote the agglomeration and development of urban service industry. Therefore, the focus of urbanization in these areas is to provide low-cost housing and public services for migrant workers who can afford to move in with their families, and to complete the transformation from industrial agglomeration to modern towns.

For the small and medium-sized cities in the mainland, the urban scale and endogenous growth power are still relatively limited, the economic foundation of urban development is not solid, and the direction of urbanization lies in the cultivation and agglomeration of urban industrial and commercial industries. it lies in the expansion of the main urban space and the improvement of economic density. But in reality, some small and medium-sized cities are keen on real estate development, and in some places, the population of the new residential town is even larger than that of the main urban area. It should be recognized that the development of residential new towns needs to be driven by a certain population and market size. Without sufficient population and market size, it is difficult to provide basic urban services effectively, so despite the sound infrastructure and excellent housing conditions, they are not suitable for living. The result must be insufficient population agglomeration, idle housing, and even the formation of "empty cities" and "ghost towns".

For large-scale central cities, especially mega-cities, due to the high density and large scale of economic agglomeration in the main urban areas, the problem of urban congestion is becoming more and more prominent. the main direction of urbanization is to build new towns and satellite towns. to achieve the transformation from a single-center metropolis to a multi-center metropolitan area and urban agglomeration. The development practice of global metropolitan areas and urban agglomerations shows that the development model of single-function satellite cities and towns springing up everywhere can not reduce the pressure of urban congestion because of the large commuting distance of employment-residence-service. On the contrary, it leads to a sharp increase in urban operating costs and a decline in development performance. The large-scale comprehensive new town construction model, which integrates employment, housing and service, is not only conducive to the diversion of population and industry in the main urban areas, but also conducive to the formation of secondary urban centers and the agglomeration of service industries, and can greatly shorten the commuting distance. effectively reduce urban congestion and operating costs, and improve urban competitiveness.