High-yield cultivation methods and pest control techniques of annual twining herbaceous bean

Kidney beans, also known as kidney beans, two kidney beans or four kidney beans, legumes. Annual twining or suberect herbs. Mexico and Argentina, which are native to America, were introduced and cultivated in China at the end of the 16th century. The high-yield cultivation methods and pest control techniques of kidney bean are as follows:

I. Variety selection

Kidney beans are divided into two types: dwarf and trailing, dwarf varieties should be selected as supplier, 83-3 (Hebei), New Zealand No. 3, etc., while trailing varieties should be selected as Shuangfeng 2 (Tianjin), Jiadouwang, Thailand, etc., and trailing varieties should be cultivated in our city.

Second, sowing seeds

1. Sowing date: sowing around June 20 to July 10.

2. Fertilization and land preparation: 1000 kg of high-quality farm manure, 20 kg of diammonium phosphate, 30 kg of urea and 100 kg of plant ash per mu. Trench according to 55 cm row spacing, ditch depth 30 cm. After fully mixing fertilizer and soil in the ditch, water along the ditch, help the soil to ridge, the ridge height is 15-18 cm.

3. Sowing seeds

(1) seed treatment. Dry the selected seeds for 12-24 hours. Soak in 1% formalin solution for 20 minutes to kill anthracnose on the seed surface. Rinse with clean water and let dry. Soak the seeds with 0.5% cupric sulfate solution for 1 hour before sowing to promote the occurrence of rhizobium.

(2) sowing method. The average distance between holes on the ridge is 25 cm. After opening the hole, pour a little water into the hole, then sprinkle a little bit of soil, sprinkle 2.5% trichlorfon powder 0.25 grams per hole, and then sow 3-4 tablets per hole. The soil cover is 3-5 cm thick. The sowing rate per mu is 3.5-4.0 kg.

III. Field management

1. Interspersed seedlings and supplementary seedlings. The first basal leaf appeared after emergence and before the triple compound leaf appeared, it was the appropriate time to replenish seedlings. Pick out the diseased and weak seedlings, and choose the seedlings with strong growth, no diseases and insect pests and intact cotyledons, 3 in each hole. This kind of seedling can grow the first compound leaf in 5 days. When the seedlings are insufficient, they should be replanted in time.

2. Fertilization and watering. Topdressing and watering should grasp the principle of "less seedling stage, controlling vine stage and promoting vine-setting period". Depending on the soil moisture, the seedlings should be watered once after they are unearthed, and then the water should be properly controlled. When there are 4 true leaves of 3Mel, combine the rack and pour once the vine water, 25-30kg per mu of ammonium sulfate to promote vine extraction and expand the nutritional area. From then on to the squatting seedling stage before flowering, it is necessary to control fertilizer and water to promote the development of kidney beans from vegetative growth to reproductive growth.

3. Plant adjustment. When trailing varieties have 4-8 leaves and begin to draw vines, it is appropriate to insert hedgerow ledges from the point of view of daylighting by inserting herringbone racks or hedge ledges in combination with vine water. When the plant is senescent in the late fruiting stage, it is necessary to remove the diseased old yellow leaves in time, improve the lower permeability conditions, and promote lateral branch germination and latent flower buds to blossom and bear pods.

4. Harvest. It will be harvested 60-70 days after sowing and can be harvested continuously for 30-50 days. It is harvested once every 2-3 days in the full pod period.

5. Pest control. The main pests are aphids, bean borer and so on. Aphids can be controlled by aphids, such as APHIS lice, Weilubao and so on. Bean borer can be sprayed with 21% EC 2000 times. The diseases are bean anthracnose and bean virus disease. Can be used 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500800 times liquid, or 50% Dysenamine water agent 800,800 times 1000 times, once every 7 days, spray 3 times in a row. The virus will be prevented and treated with 500 times liquid.