The price of corn has been reduced again! Ten kinds of misunderstandings that should be avoided in corn planting management!

Recently, the corn market, prices continue to fall, in such a market, to grow more high-quality, high-yield corn is the way out. The editor consulted relevant experts and sorted out 10 kinds of misunderstandings made by Food and Agriculture in corn management according to the management order of corn planting, so as to see which ones you have, and don't do it again in the coming year.

First, the misunderstanding of sowing:

Viewpoint:

1. Ordinary seeds can be used for single sowing. Many farmers are not interested in single sown seeds and think that ordinary seeds can be used as single sown seeds by bumping them with a dustpan and picking small seeds.

2. Set the row spacing at random, have no concept of density, and always think that it is better to be thick than thin. There are many hands to transform the seeder into a structure that can adjust the row spacing at will and sow seeds according to the line spacing of 50 cm. The distance between plants was set to 17-18 cm.

3. It's good to grow fertilizer.

4. pour the head water to carry on the flood irrigation.

5. The sowing is too shallow to bear, and the deeper the sowing, the better.

Explanation:

Every year, farmers will suffer losses for this. It turns out that many farmers use manual sowing methods to sow seeds, but there is no current sowing effect. What is the reason for the success of single seed sowing?

The success of single-grain sowing is inseparable from the following elements, all of which are indispensable:

1. For high-quality seeds, the purity should be high, not less than 98%, and the bud rate should be high, not less than 95%. Most ordinary corn seeds can not meet this requirement. You can't pick one by hand.

2. The greatest success of single-grain sowing is to achieve a scientific planting density. A variety can have the highest yield only under reasonable density, and it can not be high-yielding even if the density is high or low. High density will also cause lodging, empty pole, susceptibility and other problems, resulting in varying degrees of production reduction. If it is too thin, the production will be reduced, but there will be no problem of toppling the empty rod.

3. Sowing and protecting seedlings is the key, improper sowing methods will cause lack of seedlings and break ridges, and then affect the density and yield. The problems of burning seeds with chemical fertilizer and sowing rotten seeds are the main factors leading to seedling deficiency. Only plots without irrigation conditions must be sown deeply to reduce the impact of drought on seedling emergence. Plots that can be watered at any time must be sown shallowly, with a depth of no more than 5 cm, and 3 cm is the best. Sowing too deep and then flooding will cause the seeds to rot without breathing, and the good application of seeds and chemical fertilizers will cause the problem of chemical fertilizer burning, and the use of chemical fertilizers is more serious.

2. Misunderstandings in the use of herbicides:

Viewpoint:

1. Do not know the type and use period of corn herbicides, spray and use them indiscriminately.

2. The mixed use of herbicides, organophosphorus pesticides and micro-fertilizers can save labor.

3. Do not follow the instructions and increase the dosage at will.

4. buy obsolete herbicides cheaply.

5. Use motorized sprayer to spray quickly.

6. Spray again before you run out of medicine.

Explanation:

Every year, farmers reduce corn production because of herbicides. The fundamental reason is that farmers do not understand herbicides and do not master relevant knowledge. Corn weeding can be divided into three periods, the types of herbicides used in each period are different, and should not be misused.

Weeding before emergence is commonly known as herbicide, including alachlor, Acetochlor, butachlor, herbicide and atrazine.

Plots for weeding before seedlings should pay attention to the following aspects:

First, the soil moisture should be larger. After corn is sown, sprayed after rain or watering, such as dry soil or grass, it is basically unusable.

Second, when the wheat stubble is high and the field wheat straw covers the ground, this kind of herbicide had better not be used, because if it is not sprayed to the ground, it will not be able to kill the weeds sprouting in the top soil.

Third, the use of herbicides is the earliest, as soon as the efficacy period is over, weeds will soon grow up, and other herbicides need to be sprayed for the second time, wasting manpower and material resources.

Fourth, herbicide is easy to make corn leaves yellow, especially at high temperature, which is easy to hurt the root. In view of the above problems, weeding before seedling is gradually replaced by weeding after seedling.

The grass was mainly eliminated from 2 pages to 5 leaves after emergence. The herbicides used at this time are mainly sulfone and nicosulfuron, and the compound preparation is mainly added atrazine (atrazine), such as Dajie and so on. Generally, weeds turn yellow about 7 days after application, and weeds wither and die about 20 days. The whole field can be sprayed at 2-5 leaf stage after maize seedling, which has good weeding effect and high safety.

There are also some varieties that are sensitive to this kind of herbicide, and the leaves of the plants will turn yellow, but they can recover in about 1 month and the yield will not be affected. Some varieties of sweet corn, seed field, waxy corn and Denghai are easy to produce key points and should be used with caution.

Special reminder:

The whole field spray corn field should be carried out within 5 leaves, do not spray after more than 5 visible leaves, and do not use organophosphorus pesticides 7 days before and after application, otherwise, directional spray should be applied. Nicotinic acid is prone to drug damage if the active ingredient is more than 3 grams per mu in North China.

When using this kind of herbicide, the drug damage may be caused by high temperature, large dosage, repeated spraying, late use period, spraying liquid into corn heart and so on. The period from 6 to 9 leaves is the most sensitive period for maize to herbicides, and the application in this period will bring drug damage. After 9 leaves, low-dose directional spray between rows can be considered to control grass damage.

Note:

Do not use two kinds of post-seedling herbicides, which are butyl ester and dimethyl tetrachlorodium, which are easy to produce. The symptoms of corn injury are narrowing or shrinking of corn leaves, curling of heart leaves into straight rod shape, or difficult to extract heart leaves in the shape of oxtail. The stem is twisted, the rhizome becomes brittle, easy to fold, and the base of the stem is thick in the shape of goose head, even cracked. The growth of the upper part of the plant was seriously hindered, the upper leaves were malformed, the male ear was underdeveloped, and the female ear was deformed.

In the middle and later stages of corn growth, when grass famine occurs in the middle and later stages of corn, paraquat can be chosen, with 150 times the content of 20% liquid, plus a shield for directional spray. Because this is a kind of sterilized rapid herbicide based on contact effect, even if the liquid "splashes" on the corn leaves, it will only partially dry up and will not cause "dead trees".

Do not use glyphosate in this period, this is a sterilized internal absorption herbicide, mainly for perennial weeds, mostly used in orchards, ditches, road border control weeds, can also be used after crop sowing, before emergence. If the drug is used in the middle and later stage of corn, because of its internal absorption, it will transmit the whole plant because of the damage of the lower leaves, resulting in the death of corn trees and a serious reduction in yield.

Third, misunderstandings in the use of chemical fertilizer:

1. Misunderstanding in the use of urea. Urea should not be applied like this: do not mix with ammonium bicarbonate, it will cause urea to transform slowly and cause volatilization and loss loss; without surface application, most of the nitrogen will be volatilized during the conversion of urea to ammonia, with a utilization rate of only 30%; do not be a seed fertilizer, a small amount of biuret contained in urea will be toxic to seeds and seedlings, affecting the growth of seedlings in seed germination box. Do not immediately watering after the use of urea, urea conversion can be completed in 2-10 days, immediate watering will be lost with water because urea dissolves in water.

Pay attention to the use of corn function grain fertilizer. In order to obtain high quality and high yield, it is necessary to apply some available nitrogen fertilizer to prevent premature senescence, promote corn filling and grain fullness, and increase 1000-grain weight.

2. Excessive fertilization, thinking that more fertilization can lead to more grain production. Too much fertilization will result in residual chemical fertilizer and soil consolidation. Increasing the application of organic fertilizer farm manure and properly spraying foliar fertilizer such as zinc fertilizer can obviously increase the yield of maize.

3. The use time of controlled-release fertilizer. Controlled-release fertilizer (slow-release fertilizer) has the composition of controlling the release time of nitrogen fertilizer in fertilizer, and the nitrogen will be released slowly according to different growth stages of maize, so it has the characteristics of one fertilization and one season. Qualified controlled-release fertilizer can ensure that corn will not be fattened in the later growth stage. The best time for the use of controlled-release fertilizer is 20 days after maize emergence. Trench in.

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