What will you plant next year? Investigation and Analysis of planting intention of Farmers in Junan in 2017

From December 13 to 14, 2016, cost investigators of the County Price Bureau visited agricultural households and conducted a 2017 grain planting intention survey among 9 households in Xijixi Village, Daokou Town, Huatang Village, Daokou Town, and Pomu Village, Fangqian Town. The survey results show that in 2017, the sown area per household is expected to decrease slightly, the sown area of wheat and corn increases steadily, and the sown area of soybeans, potatoes and peanuts decreases.

I. the basic situation of farmers' planting intention in 2017

It is estimated that the average sown area per household in 2017 is 7.5 mu, which is 7.71 mu less than the actual sown area per household in 2016, a decrease of 0.21 mu or 2.72% over the same period last year. Where:

The estimated planting area of wheat per household in 2017 is 3.01 mu, an increase of 2.73% over the actual planting area of 2.93 mu in 2016.

The estimated planting area of corn per household is 3.01 mu, an increase of 12.31% over the actual area of 2.68 mu in 2016.

None of the 9 farmers surveyed had any plans to plant soybeans and potatoes.

Affected by geography and planting habits, peanuts are the main oil crops in the county. The estimated planting area of oil crops per household in 2017 is 1.48 mu, a decrease of 19.13% compared with the actual planting area in 2016.

II. Analysis on the reasons for the changes of Farmers' planting structure in 2017

The survey results show that the planting structure of farmers has been adjusted in 2017, and it is expected that the sown area of wheat and corn will increase slightly, the planting area of soybeans and potatoes will greatly decrease, and the sown area of oil crops will decrease slightly. It is mainly affected by many factors, such as the price market of various crops, comparative benefits and planting habits.

Wheat prices have been running smoothly since 2016, and farmers expect wheat prices to rise in the later stage. Winter wheat sowing this year has good soil moisture and high enthusiasm for wheat planting. Although the price of corn is low, the yield per mu of corn has increased sharply this year, and the production cost has dropped slightly, and the actual income of corn planting is basically the same as that of previous years, because the traditional planting habits are difficult to change for a while. Most farmers in our county follow the practice of "harvesting wheat and planting corn", and the planting area of corn and wheat keep growing synchronously.

Affected by the high temperature and rainy weather in summer, soybean production has been seriously reduced this year, and even some farmers have lost soybean production, coupled with low soybean prices and small consumption of their own food. All the farmers surveyed said that they would no longer plant soybeans next year.

Affected by the comprehensive management of the environment, most of the scattered farmers in our county have reduced the breeding scale or even withdrawn from the pig breeding industry, and the planting area of potatoes as feed for pigs has also declined significantly.

The price of peanuts has been lukewarm in recent years, and has been stable at about 4 yuan this year. Farmers grow peanuts for their own use, and farmers have more stocks in their homes. It is expected that peanut cultivation will decrease slightly next year.

III. Problems and suggestions

The main problems are:

The price of agricultural products is low and changes rapidly, the price market is not easy to grasp and predict, farmers' market information is not effective, farmers' response to the market lags behind, labor shortage, lack of scientific and technological farming technology, single planting structure, weak ability to resist natural disasters.

In the adjustment of planting structure, most farmers are still "what others grow and what they grow themselves" and "what they planted last year and what they planted this year". They lack the technology and information on variety selection, cultivation, management and so on.

In addition, social services can not keep up, especially in the lack of leading enterprises in characteristic planting, which affects the enthusiasm of farmers to adjust their planting structure.

Recommendations:

1. Raise the purchase price of wheat and other grain, increase subsidies to farmers for planting wheat, make farmers get real benefits from growing grain, protect farmers' enthusiasm for growing grain, and stabilize grain planting area and output.

2. Strengthen scientific and technological training and improve the level of production. On the one hand, it is necessary to increase scientific and technological training, improve farmers' scientific and technological level, promote agricultural technological progress, speed up the popularization of applicable technologies, cultivate improved varieties, popularize good laws, and improve per unit yield and quality. On the other hand, we should take marketization as the orientation, guide farmers to diversify their varieties, improve the quality of products, and diversify their structures, so as to promote the development of agriculture through science and technology.

3. Strengthen the guidance of agricultural information. Timely help farmers understand and grasp the supply and demand price of major agricultural and sideline products and other information to reduce market risks. Correctly guide farmers to carry out structural adjustment according to market demand, and guide farmers to plant agricultural and sideline products with high demand, low risk and high income as far as possible to increase farmers' income.

4. Further stabilize the price of agricultural materials and effectively stabilize the production cost of agricultural products. The rise in the price of agricultural materials has raised the cost of agricultural production, offset the preferential policies of the central government, and dampened the enthusiasm of farmers in farming. Therefore, the government should continue to take corresponding macro-control measures to strengthen the management of agricultural materials market and ensure that agricultural materials prices are stable at the current level.

5. Strengthen the construction of agricultural and rural infrastructure, especially the construction of basic irrigation and water conservancy, and improve the ability of farmers to resist natural disasters.