How to raise Phalaenopsis family rearing method

Phalaenopsis is a suitable plant for indoor culture. Phalaenopsis is a uniaxial orchid, which produces only one main stem and one growing point in its life. seedling propagation mainly adopts the methods of tissue culture, aseptic sowing and pedicel budding propagation. How does Phalaenopsis raise the family?

1. Cultivation media: the common cultivation media of Phalaenopsis are mainly aquatic plants and moss.

two。 Temperature: the first thing for families to raise Phalaenopsis is to ensure the temperature. Phalaenopsis likes the environment of high temperature and humidity, the lowest temperature during the growth period should be above 15 ℃, and the suitable temperature for Phalaenopsis growth is 16-30 ℃. Attention should be paid to warming at the turn of autumn, winter and spring, as well as when the winter temperature is low. In general, rooms with heating equipment in winter are not difficult to reach, but be careful not to put flowers directly on the radiator or too close to them. When the summer temperature is too high, it is necessary to cool down and pay attention to ventilation. If the temperature is higher than 32 ℃, Phalaenopsis will usually enter a semi-dormant state to avoid continuous high temperature. The flowering period is around the Spring Festival, and proper cooling can prolong the viewing time. The night temperature during flowering should be controlled between 13 and 16 ℃, but not less than 13 ℃.

3. Watering: Phalaenopsis is native to the primeval forest with more fog and higher temperature. Phalaenopsis does not have thick pseudobulbs to store nutrients, and if there is not enough humidity in the air, the leaves are wrinkled and weak. Therefore, Phalaenopsis should be cultivated and maintained in an environment with high ventilation and humidity. The suitable air humidity for Phalaenopsis growth is 60%-80%. The new root of Phalaenopsis should be watered more in the prosperous period and less in the dormant period after anthesis. The plants grow vigorously in spring and autumn around 05:00 in the afternoon, and the plants are watered at 09:00 and 05:00 every day. The light is weak and the temperature is low in winter. Watering every other week is enough and should be carried out before 10:00 in the morning. In the event of a cold wave, it is not suitable to water, keep dry, wait until after the cold wave to resume watering. The principle of watering is to see dry and wet, and when the surface of the cultivation substrate becomes dry, water should be watered again, and the water temperature should be close to room temperature. When the indoor air is dry, sprayers can be used to spray directly to the leaves, and you can see that the leaves are wet, but be careful not to spray water spray on the flowers during flowering. Tap water should be stored for more than 72 hours before watering.

4. Lighting: although Phalaenopsis prefers shade, it is still necessary to make the orchid plant accept part of the light, especially before and after flowering, the appropriate light can promote Phalaenopsis blossom, make the flowers gorgeous and lasting, generally should be placed indoors where there is scattered light, do not let direct sunlight.

Culture methods and matters needing attention of family Phalaenopsis

1. Flowerpots of Phalaenopsis: tile pots, plastic pots and other points for attention:

Tile pots and plastic pots are generally used in large-scale production. In addition to tile pots and plastic pots, glazed pots and decorative pots are also used for family decorative cultivation. Large-caliber plastic pots and decorative pots are used to combine pots in flower supermarkets and flower shops. As a bedroom hanging basin to watch, you can also use boxes and snake boards. Container materials such as tile pots, glaze-rimmed pots, decorative pots and snake boards must be soaked in water before planting.

2. Phalaenopsis cultivation substrate: loose, permeable bark, water moss and other matters needing attention:

The cultivation substrate of Phalaenopsis must be loose, ventilated, permeable and resistant to rot. At present, the most commonly used cultivation substrates are bark (or bark silk), water moss, coconut shell, vermiculite, fern and so on. The mixed matrix of water moss and bark silk is commonly used in Japan, the artificial substrate produced by textile scraps is widely used in Taiwan Province of China, the mixed substrate of tree fern, water moss and sand is used in the United States, and coconut shell is mostly used in Thailand.

3. Phalaenopsis family culture temperature note: like warmth

When Phalaenopsis is cultivated at home, the selected orchid must be flowering, and it must be full, with a minimum requirement of more than 15 ℃ at room temperature and good ventilation. If the indoor temperature is more than 20 ℃, you can spray the orchid plant to cool down or move into a cooler room temporarily in order to prolong the flowering period. When the temperature exceeds 15 ℃ in the morning of May in spring, the orchid plant can be moved to the outside for maintenance. The orchid plant was moved indoors before the temperature dropped to 15 ℃ in the morning of September in autumn.

4. Phalaenopsis family culture light attention: like semi-overcast

Phalaenopsis has formed the habit of liking semi-shade in the natural environment. Shading time can be adjusted by shading net or bamboo curtain in family cultivation. When the sun and temperature are high in summer, the shading time is longer, about 70%. When the sun is weak and the temperature is low in winter, it is appropriate to shade at noon, and the covering time is controlled according to the weather changes in spring and autumn. There is no need for shading from evening to sunrise in the morning. This is good for ventilation.

In short, the cultivation of Phalaenopsis must not be exposed to strong light or exposure, the leaves are easy to burn (recommended reading: how to raise Phalaenopsis). Similarly, fixed shade for a long time, resulting in weak light, weak growth of orchid plants, tender leaves, elongated flower stems, lack of luster and not bright colors, and are also prone to disease. For this reason, artificial light should be added when there is a lack of rain and snow for a long time in winter.

5. Phalaenopsis family culture watering attention: like wet, avoid stagnant water

Phalaenopsis likes to be wet, but avoid stagnant water. Watering must be determined according to the season, air temperature, cultivation substrate and the growth and development of orchid plants. Generally speaking, when the temperature is slightly higher from June to September, Phalaenopsis is in a prosperous period of growth, you can water more water, choose sunny morning watering, the cultivation substrate can be moist. When the temperature is low in winter and spring, it is necessary to irrigate less, keep the root a little drier, and water again when the substrate in the basin begins to dry. If the temperature is lower than 15 ℃, watering should be strictly controlled. However, in winter during the flower bud growth period, as long as the temperature is not lower than 18 ℃, it should be watered in time, with the bottom matrix moist as the degree, do not let the basin too wet.

In the pot substrate, water moss and bark silk generally absorb more water, the watering interval can be longer, the drainage of bark and vermiculite is good, and the watering interval should be short.

During the growing period of Phalaenopsis, especially in high temperature and dry season in summer and autumn, you can spray more water, but be careful not to make the core of orchid leaves accumulate water, especially in winter night, it is forbidden to spray water on leaves.

6. Other points for attention in family culture of Phalaenopsis:

① Air humidity Note: summer humidity is 80% Murray 90%

Phalaenopsis likes high humid environment. According to the temperature and weather conditions of the season, the air humidity is 70% mi 80% in spring and autumn, 80%-90% in summer and 60% mi 70% in winter. When the weather is dry and the air humidity is low, it can be adjusted by sprinkling water on the ground and Mesa and spraying water to the orchid plant. When the air humidity is too large, ventilation regulation should be strengthened. If the temperature is lower than 18 ℃, it is necessary to reduce the air humidity, otherwise it is easy to cause disease at low temperature and high humidity. In addition, Phalaenopsis is particularly afraid of dry wind in the process of cultivation, and the leaves are prone to water loss, which is extremely disadvantageous to the growth of orchid plants.

Matters needing attention in ② fertilization: more fertilizer is needed, thin fertilizer is often applied.

Because of its fast growth and long growth period, Phalaenopsis needs a little more fertilizer than other orchids, but it should still adopt the principle of regular application of thin fertilizer. The basin has just been changed in late May, and it is in the stage of root recovery and there is no need to apply fertilizer.

From June to September, the growing period of new roots and leaves of orchid plants was fertilized once a week, and 2000 times diluted with "Huabao" liquid fertilizer, the foliar and pot substrate were sprayed. The application can be stopped for 2 or 3 times during the high temperature period in summer.

After October, the growth of orchid plants slows down and fertilization is reduced to avoid overgrowth of orchid plants and affect the formation of flower buds, resulting in non-flowering.

When it comes to winter and flowering, fertilization will stop. If fertilization continues, it will cause root rot.

Matters needing attention for setting up pillars in ③: binding flower stems should be carried out step by step.

Butterfly orchids have long inflorescences and large flowers, which need to be propped up when potted. Prevent the flower stem from tipping or breaking, affecting the flower appearance. Therefore, when the flower stem is drawn out. Set up a temporary support in the flowerpot to prevent the flower stem from lodging.

When binding, it must be noted that the flower stem can not be fixed at once, but should be carried out step by step in several times to avoid breaking the flower stem. When the bud grows up, it is necessary to set up a formal Phalaenopsis special pillar, bend the pillar into a bow, attach the stem to the pillar and fix it from multiple places. Butterfly orchid flowers are many and large, after the flower stem is drawn, it is necessary to set up a pillar to prevent the flower stem from lodging.

Notes for ④ basin change: change basin every year

The cultivation substrate of Phalaenopsis is perishable materials such as water moss, shredded bark and coconut shell, so the pot must be changed every year. The best time to change the basin is in late spring and early summer, about the late May, when the temperature is high, when the flowering period is just past, and the new roots begin to grow.

When changing the basin, the knife can be used to gently rotate along the inner wall of the basin to make the root break away from the inner wall, or break the orchid basin and take it out directly. Take out the root mass, dig out the old matrix in the lower part with your fingers, trim the root system, cut off the dry estimated old root, rusty root, and cut root, put the soaked water moss, fern root (or bark silk) at the bottom of the root system, and wrap the root system around with wet water moss, but to make the root spread evenly so that multiple roots cannot be tied together, and then planted in a pot. Pay attention to the water moss should not be wrapped too tightly, otherwise it is easy to cause the root sound to rot with the wet.

Matters needing attention for ④ propagation: ramet

The root system of Phalaenopsis is very well developed. when most of the roots of potted Phalaenopsis grow out of the pot, develop into seed plants from the axillary buds on the pedicel and grow new roots, the ramets can be cut off and planted, which is best after the flowers have withered completely. in the season of high temperature in midsummer, the wound of the orchid plant is easy to rot, and the rooting recovery is slow in winter due to low temperature. During the operation, the naturally dried yellow leaves at the base should be removed, and the withered and damaged roots should be cut off.

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