Must-see for planting soybeans in 2017: seed selection and efficient cultivation techniques of soybean in each accumulated temperate zone

A few days ago, the Heilongjiang Provincial Committee of Agriculture formulated the "planting regionalization layout of High quality and High efficiency varieties of crops in Heilongjiang Province in 2017" (hereinafter referred to as "regionalization layout") and special cultivation techniques for various crops. the following editor will share with you the seed selection and efficient cultivation techniques of soybean in each accumulated temperate zone.

High-quality and efficient regionalization layout of Heilongjiang Province in 2017 (Soybean)

Planting regionalization and Distribution of High quality and High efficiency Soybean varieties in Heilongjiang Province in 2017

Accumulated temperate zone

The first accumulated temperate zone

The second accumulated temperate zone

The third accumulated temperate zone

The fourth accumulated temperate zone

The fifth accumulated temperate zone

The sixth accumulated temperate zone

Crop

Big bean

Dongnong 55

(high protein varieties)

Heinong 48 (high protein variety)

Dongsheng No.1

Heihe 43

Shengdou 43 (high protein variety)

Huajiang No.2

Dongnong 52

Dongnong 48

(high protein varieties)

Dongnong 60

(high-protein small-grain bean varieties)

Keshan No. 1 (high oil)

Haojiang No.2

(high protein varieties)

Shengdou 44

(high protein varieties)

Heinong 52

Suinong 36 (high oil)

Suinong 38 (high oil)

Jinyuan 55

(high protein varieties)

Huajiang No. 4 (high oil)

Beidou 36

Heinong 51

Suinong 35 (high oil)

Heihe 48

Heihe 52

Beidou 42

Beidou 43

Dongnong 42

(high protein varieties)

Hefeng 55 (high oil)

Beidou 40 (high oil)

Henong 95

Dongnong 49 (high oil)

Heihe 35

Dongnong 57

(high protein green soybean)

Hefeng 50 (high oil)

Dongsheng 7 (high oil)

Heihe 38

Heihe 45

(high protein varieties)

Beixing No.1

Rundou No. 1

(high protein varieties)

Bindou No. 1

(high protein varieties)

Suinong 44

Guangshi Green Soybean No. 1 (Green Soybean)

Beidou 53 (high oil)

Haojiang No.1

(high protein varieties)

East Nongdou 251

(soya-bean milk)

Kennong 30

(high protein varieties)

Dongnong 63

Shengdou 15

Dongnongdou 252

(soya-bean milk)

Longdou No. 1

(high protein varieties)

Suitable area

Harbin City, Bin County, Honggang District of Daqing City, Datong District, South of Renghulu District, Zhaodong, Zhaoyuan, Zhaozhou, Fularji District of Qiqihar City, Ang Anxi District, Tailai, Dumeng, Dongning.

Bayan, Hulan, Wuchang, Mulan, Fangzheng, Suihua City, East of Qingan, Lanxi, Qinggang, Anda, South of Daqing, North of Qiqihar City, Lindian, Fu, Gannan, Longjiang, Mudanjiang City, Hailin, Ning'an, Hengshan District of Jixi City, Chengzi River District, Mishan, 857 Farm, Xingkai Lake Farm, Jiamusi City, Tangyuan, Yilan, Vanilla, Huachuan, South Huannan, Western Qitaihe City, Boli.

Yanshou, Shangzhi, Wuchang, Tonghe, Mulan, Fangzheng Forestry Bureau, Qingan, Suileng, Mingshui, Baiquan, Ianhe, Gannan, Fubei, Qiqihar Huaan District, Keshan, Linkou, Muling, Suifenhe, Lishu District, Mashan District, Didao District, Hulin, Qitaihe City, Shuangyashan Lingxi District, Lingdong District, Baoshan District, Huannan North, Huachuan Northern, Fujin North, Tongjiang South, Hegang South, Baoquanling Agricultural Administration, Suibin, Jian Sanjiang Agricultural Administration, 853 Farm.

West of Yanshou, Weihe Forestry Bureau, Abuli Forestry Bureau, West Mudanjiang, East of Mudanjiang, South of Suifenhe, North of Hulin, North of Jixi, Dongfanghong, Raohe, Raohe Farm, Shengli Farm, Hongqiling Farm, Qianjin Farm, Qinglongshan Farm, North Hegang, Hebei Forestry Bureau, Xilin District of Yichun City, Nancha District, Daling District, Dafeng District, Meixi District, Cuiluan District, Southern friendly District, Southern Shangganling District, Tieli, eastern Tongjiang, Bei'an, Nenjiang, Helen, Wudalianchi, northern Suileng, Kedong, 93 Agricultural Administration, Heihe, Xunke, Jiayin, Huma northeast.

North of Suifenhe, south of Muling, west of Mudanjiang, Fuyuan, north of Hegang, Sifangshan Forest Farm, Wuying District of Yichun City, north of Shangganling District, Xinqing District, Hongxing District, Wuyiling District, Dongfeng District, West of Heihe River, Northeast of Nenjiang River, North of Bei'an, North of Sun Wu.

Xingkai Lake, Daxinganling area, Zhanbei Forest Farm, Daling Forest Farm, Xilingji Forestry Bureau, 12 Station Forest Farm, New Forest Bureau, Dongfanghong, Huzhong Forestry Bureau, Amuer Forestry Bureau, Mohe, Tuqiang Forestry Bureau, West Huma, Southern Sun Wu.

High-quality and efficient cultivation techniques of high-oil soybean

First, reasonable stubble selection

The plots with deep plough layer, fertile soil and flat terrain are selected, and the previous crops are mainly corn, potato and wheat. According to the use of long residual herbicides in recent years, reasonable crop rotation is carried out for more than three years (including three years). Do not meet stubble.

II. Scientific land preparation

On the basis of reasonable crop rotation, taking "deep pine" as the main body, turning, raking, spinning, lifting and pressing are combined with soil preparation. Corn stubble autumn mechanical harvesting straw crushing and returning to the ground-stubble straw crushing and returning machine operation to make straw and soil mixed (or heavy rake to crush stubble and straw or hydraulic turning plough into more than 35cm plough layer) → autumn deep pine → autumn ridging; wheat stubble mechanical harvesting straw crushing evenly returned to the surface → deep turning → raking after ridging; potato stubble raking directly after harvest.

III. Seeds and their treatment

(1) selected fine varieties

Select the high-quality and high-oil soybean varieties adapted to the local ecological conditions and approved and popularized, and carry out special variety production. The second accumulated temperate zone: Suinong 35, Suinong 36, Hefeng 55, Hefeng 50; the third accumulated temperate zone: Suinong 38, Beidou 40, Dongsheng 7; the fourth accumulated temperate zone: Keshan 1; the fifth accumulated temperate zone: Huajiang 4, Dongnong 49, Beidou 53 and other varieties.

(2) seed selection

Mechanical selection or artificial seed selection was carried out before sowing, and disease spot grains, insect erosion grains, broken grains and impurities were removed, so that the seed purity reached 98%, the purity reached 98%, the germination rate reached 95%, and the quality reached more than the second grade of the seed classification standard.

(3) seed treatment

1. Seed dressing

Before sowing, the seeds were mixed with ammonium molybdate 8g / mu and diluted into 3% 0.5% solution.

2. Inoculation of rhizobium

When sowing is approaching, the seeds are mixed with 15ml soybean rhizobium per mu and sown immediately after mixing.

IV. Precise fertilization

The combination of agricultural fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, the combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with medium and trace elements, and the combination of base fertilizer, seed fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer.

(1) Base fertilizer

Using livestock and poultry manure and crop straw and other raw materials to compost fully mature fermented, harmless farm manure 1.5 million tons per mu, combined with one application of soil preparation.

(2) planting fertilizer

According to the soil fertilizer supply capacity and soil nutrient balance, soil testing formula fertilization. General south-central and western (1-3 accumulated temperate zone): urea 3.5 kg, diammonium phosphate 10-12 kg, potassium sulfate 4-5 kg; eastern Sanjiang Plain (2-4 accumulated temperate zone): urea 3 kg, diammonium phosphate 10-12 kg, potassium sulfate 3.3-5 kg; in the north (4-6 accumulated temperate zone): urea 2.5 kg, diammonium phosphate 9-kilogram, potassium sulfate 3.3-kilogram.

(3) topdressing

At the early flowering stage, soybean was sprayed with 0.3 kg urea per mu, 0.35 kg potassium sulfate, 0.4 kg potassium sulfate and 0.3 kg iron fertilizer.

Fifth, precision sowing

(1) sowing date

When the local temperature is stable through 7-8 ℃, it is timely and early to sow. The first and second accumulated temperate zone from April 28 to May 5, the third and fourth accumulated temperate zone from May 5 to May 10, and the fifth and sixth accumulated temperate zone from May 10 to May 15. Sowing should choose air suction seeder, precision sowing, uniform sowing, consistent sowing depth, strict soil cover, and strict quality control.

(2) planting mode

In the first and second accumulated temperate zones, the conventional 65-70cm ridge planting has 2 rows, the small row spacing between two rows is 10-12cm, and the third, fourth, fifth and sixth accumulated temperate zones are planted with 110cm large ridges and 3cm-4rows. Three rows, average line spacing 22.5 cm; planting four rows, small line spacing 12 cm, wide line spacing 21 cm.

(3) planting density

The planting density was determined reasonably according to the characteristics of varieties, soil fertility conditions, fertilization level and planting mode. Conventional 65cm ridge planting in the first accumulated temperate zone, 1.47 ~ 16700 seedlings per mu, 1.67 ~ 18700 seedlings per mu in the second accumulated temperate zone, 2.2 ~ 24000 seedlings per mu in the third accumulated temperate zone, 2.4 ~ 25300 seedlings per mu in the fourth accumulated temperate zone. In the fifth accumulated temperate zone, 2.53 ~ 26700 seedlings per mu were planted in 110cm ridge, and 2.67 ~ 28000 seedlings per mu in the sixth accumulated temperate zone.

VI. Fine management

(1) Deep pine

When the soybean arch soil, carry on the deep loosening or ploughing before the shovel, loosen the soil, increase the temperature and disperse the cold, store water and preserve moisture, and promote the growth of soybean seedlings.

(2) shovel

Shovel in time, two shovels and three shovels during the soybean growth period, and the seedling injury rate was less than 3%.

(3) Sprinkler irrigation

In case of drought in flower and pod stage and grain filling stage, timely irrigation should be made to keep the soil moisture at about 25-30%, protect flowers and pods, and improve yield and quality.

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