How to choose the sprinkler of irrigation machine? Guide for the selection of sprinklers for sprinklers

Many users pay more attention to the sprinkler itself when they buy the sprinkler, but seldom consider the configuration and quality of the sprinkler. In fact, no matter how excellent the mechanical part of the sprinkler irrigation machine is, it should be reflected in whether it can save water, save energy, increase production and increase income. There are many factors that affect the final effect, and the selection of sprinklers is one of the most important factors.

1. Select sprinklers according to soil infiltration rate

At present, most of the large sprinkler irrigation machines in China use D3000 scattering sprinkler, of which the relatively low price is the main reason.

The sprinkler intensity of Nielsen D3000 scattering sprinkler is the highest and the spraying radius is the smallest. Due to the high intensity of sprinkler irrigation, it is easy to produce surface runoff under the condition of viscous soil, which affects the normal operation of the machine, affects the irrigation quality, wastes water and fertilizer, and increases the yield and benefit.

In addition to the D3000 scatter sprinkler, Nielsen also produces rotating sprinklers such as R3000line S3000, A3000 and so on. The hydraulic performance parameters of various sprinklers are as follows:

Under the same nozzle condition, the order of sprinkler irrigation intensity from large to small is as follows:

D3000 > A3000 > S3000 > R3000.

In order not to produce runoff, D3000 should be sprayed on sandy soil as far as possible. R3000 is suitable for clayey soil and loam.

Sprinkler irrigation intensity can be divided into average sprinkler intensity and instantaneous sprinkler intensity.

The average intensity of sprinkler irrigation refers to the average rainfall per unit time within the humid range. The instantaneous sprinkler irrigation intensity refers to the rainfall per unit time at a specified point at a certain moment. The instantaneous sprinkler intensity of the scattering sprinkler is higher than that of the rotating sprinkler. It is easy to harden soil clay, affect rainfall infiltration, and easily cause surface runoff. The harm of surface runoff lies in causing uneven irrigation and fertilization, wasting water, wasting fertilizer, polluting groundwater and affecting the normal operation of sprinkler (wheels trapped in mud).

Second, the influence of spraying range on irrigation effect.

The sprinkler with large range has wide wetting range, low rain intensity, is conducive to soil infiltration, is not easy to produce surface runoff, uniform irrigation and good effect. The R3000 has the largest spray range of all 3000 series sprinklers.

Third, the influence of water drop size on irrigation effect.

The kinetic energy of water droplets has an effect on soil infiltration, which is a factor that needs to be seriously considered. If the impact of water droplets on the soil is small, it is easy to keep the soil capillaries open and maintain high soil water absorption. Small water droplets are beneficial to clayey soil infiltration.

Under the same nozzle condition, increasing the working pressure can reduce the diameter of water droplets and reduce the impact force on the soil.

4. the influence of sprinkler installation height on irrigation effect.

Generally speaking, the installation height of the sprinkler is high, which is beneficial to improve the irrigation uniformity. The reason is that the Ann is high, then the spray is relatively far away, and the spraying overlap is more. However, the installation height should comprehensively consider the structure of sprinkler irrigation. If the sprinkler is installed close to the canopy. Then the distance between sprinklers must be reduced. The designer should carefully check the performance parameters of the sprinkler and select the nozzle, nozzle spacing and installation height.

Fifth, choose double-nozzle spraying

The selection of double-nozzle spraying is beneficial to crop seedling cultivation. The installation of Nielsen 3TN double nozzles and the use of nozzles with reduced sprinkler irrigation intensity at seedling stage can effectively reduce soil erosion and seed washing, which is beneficial to seedling emergence and seedling development. With the growth of seedlings, the water demand is increasing, and the root system is getting deeper and deeper, so it is necessary to use large flow nozzles. Double nozzles provide great convenience for changing nozzles during the season.

6. Installation of pressure regulator can greatly improve irrigation uniformity.

The function of the pressure regulator is to adjust the change of the inlet pressure caused by the loss of water pressure, the poor topography and the working condition of the pump to the designed working pressure. The benefits of installing a pressure regulator are as follows:

1. Improve irrigation uniformity.

2. Effectively control the working performance of the sprinkler, such as droplet size and spraying distance.

3. The flexibility of sprinkler irrigation system is increased. If the pressure adjustment is installed, the effect of slope irrigation will be improved.

American users are equipped with pressure regulators for each sprinkler.

The pressure regulator can adjust the inlet pressure to the design working pressure. But the inlet pressure should not be too large, otherwise the function of voltage regulation is not good. Nielsen pressure regulator allows the inlet working pressure to be higher than the designed working pressure 0.35kg/cm2. For example: if the design working pressure is 1.4kg/cm2, then the inlet pressure is better around 1.75kg/cm2. If you are using Nielsen's sprinkler, you'd better use Nielsen's pressure regulator, otherwise the sprinkler will not work well.

7. The choice of wind resistance of sprinkler

The wind resistance of the sprinkler head affects the irrigation quality.

Eighth, comprehensively consider the sprinkler irrigation effect and price selection of sprinkler

The price of scatter sprinkler (D3000) is low, but the spraying effect is not good. The range of the scattering sprinkler is small, and the sprinkler must be installed at each outlet of the sprinkler. The number of sprinklers on such an irrigation machine is more than that of rotary sprinklers. Considering the increase in the number of sprinklers, pressure regulators and breeding, the cost of the whole set is not much lower than that of rotary sprinklers. But the quality of spraying is much worse than that of rotating sprinkler. There are no users using D3000 series sprinklers in the United States.

Selection of spray gun at the end of sprinkler irrigation machine

Using the spray gun to irrigate the ground angle formed by the central shaft sprinkler can expand the irrigation area and expand the land utilization rate. If the end pressure is not enough, it can be equipped with a pressure pump, or choose a Nielsen spray gun with good low pressure effect.

The Nielsen end spray gun series is as follows:

P85AS, copper rocker sprinkler.

Traffic: 4.5kg/cm2~28.4kg/cm2.

Range: 15-28 meters

The performance is stable and durable.

SR75 big spray gun

Traffic 6.8m3/h~36.3m3/h. Range 23.5mm 43.5m 18 °elevation.

Summary of sprinkler performance of Nielsen D3000, R3000, S3000 and A3000 sprinkler

D3000

-D3000 is the cheapest sprinkler

The sprinkler irrigation intensity of D3000 is relatively high, so it is not suitable for crops that are sensitive to rainfall intensity or machines with long span. The irrigation uniformity of D3000 was lower than that of R3000 and A3000.

-D3000 is easy to produce surface runoff and soil erosion. Surface runoff will cause waste of water and fertilizer, resulting in reduced production. Surface runoff and high sprinkler irrigation intensity will also cause the wheel to sink into mud and water, so that the sprinkler irrigation machine can not operate normally.

-D3000 has the shortest range, and a sprinkler should be installed at each outlet of the sprinkler.

The impact of the spraying flow of D3000 on the soil is greater than that of other rotating sprinklers. It has no good effect on some soils and crops.

-- D3000 can be reorganized into LEPA sprinkler (low energy consumption accurate gushing head) to reduce the loss of evapotranspiration. And it has a better effect on some crops whose leaves can not be wetted.

R3000

-Rotary sprinkler

-R3000 is the most widely used sprinkler for growing potatoes and high value-added crops in the world.

The range of the R3000 is the farthest of all the sprinklers used in the sprinkler. Small amount of sprinkler, good spray coverage and good uniformity

-R3000 sprinkler has little impact on soil and is not easy to erode soil.

-R3000 has low rain intensity and long infiltration time, which is beneficial to the water absorption of loam and clayey soil.

A3000

-rotating sprinkler.

-faster rotating sprinkler (faster than R3000).

-low voltage effect is good (but not as good as S3000), energy saving.

-strong water penetration, suitable for inter-row spraying of high-rod crops, such as corn, sugarcane, etc.

-strong wind resistance

-the rain intensity is small, which is beneficial to the infiltration of loam and clay.

-good uniformity.

-the spraying range is larger than that of D3000.

-low price rotary sprinkler.

S3000

-the fastest rotating sprinkler.

The effect of low pressure is very good.

-like the R3000, it has high uniformity.

-small water droplets and little impact on soil, which is beneficial to the infiltration of clay and loam water. It will not wash the seeds and affect the emergence of seedlings.

-it is very beneficial to the irrigation of nursery and leafy vegetables.