Corn, rice, sorghum straw crushing and returning machine how to maintain?

The straw returning machine belongs to a kind of conservation tillage machines and tools. The machine is developed for the utilization of straw resources in the vast rural areas of our country. The returning machine can be divided into straight knife type, machete type and hammer claw type.

Straight knife type: small cutting edge, low power consumption, high work efficiency, large number of blades, more straw impact times, good chopping quality, but the blade maintenance cost is high. Mainly used in straw is not particularly thick flat ground.

Machete type: the crushing effect is not as good as the straight knife type, and the power consumption is large, but its picking function is stronger than the straight knife, and the effect of returning straw to the field is not strict. It is more suitable in the area of one-time operation and the land with deep uneven ditch on the surface.

Hammer claw type: strong impact ability, good crushing and picking effect when the tool is newer, if the cutting edge is worn, the crushing effect and picking effect (effect) will decrease sharply, its advantages are small number of hammer claws, low maintenance cost, large hammering force, high negative pressure, good feeding and good adaptability to sand and gravel.

The common faults of corn, rice and sorghum straw crushing and returning machine are: poor crushing quality, blockage of feed entrance, strong vibration of machine, serious wear of transmission belt, etc., so what are the specific causes and maintenance methods of these faults?

1. The crushing quality is poor. The main reasons are too loose transmission belt, wear or shortage of blades, too fast forward speed, overload, reverse installation of blades, etc., which should be replaced or adjusted accordingly according to the inspection.

2. The entrance is blocked. The reason is that the crop is too dense or moving too fast, and the troubleshooting method is to reduce the number of lines of work or reduce the speed of work.

3. The machine vibrates strongly. The reasons may be blade falling off, fastening bolt loosening, misalignment of Cardan fork, bearing damage, etc., which should be eliminated according to the inspection results.

4. The transmission belt is seriously worn. The reasons are improper belt tension, different length, overload or blade beating, etc., which should be adjusted according to the actual inspection situation.

Note 1: installation and adjustment of straw crushing and returning machine

In order to make the straw returning machine give full play to its function and achieve the goal of safety, high efficiency and low consumption, the driver must use and rectify it correctly.

1. Installation of universal joint. The connection between the universal joint and the main engine should ensure that the casing and the joint fork are neither dead nor long enough to ensure that the two forks in the middle of the transmission shaft are in the same plane. If it is installed in the wrong direction, it will not only produce a noise, but also increase the vibration of the returning machine, and it is easy to cause damage to the parts.

2. The withering and finishing of the level and stubble height of the returning machine. After the returning machine is connected with the tractor, the left and right oblique pull bar of the tractor suspension mechanism should be adjusted to make the returning machine horizontal, and the upper pull rod of the tractor should be adjusted to make it close to the level longitudinally. According to the degree of soil looseness, crop planting pattern and land leveling, the relative position of the front end of the ground wheel connecting plate and the left and right side plate was adjusted to obtain the appropriate stubble height.

3. Inspection of various parts and lubricating parts. Before operation, first check whether the parts are complete, whether the fasteners are loose, whether the belt tension is appropriate, and fill the gearbox with gear oil as required, and add grease to the parts that need to be lubricated.

4. Transfer by air to trial run. After the inspection, raise the tool of the returning machine to 20-25 cm above the ground. If the lifting position is too high, it is easy to damage the universal joint. Join the power output shaft idling for 3-5 minutes, make sure that the parts are in good operation before putting into operation.

Note 2: safe use of straw crushing and returning machine

1. The straw grinder should be fixed on the ground and can be fixed with cement. If the workplace is changed frequently, the crusher and motor should be installed on the machine base made of angle steel.

2. After the straw grinder is installed, it should be carefully checked whether it is installed in place and whether the installation is not strong enough. Whether the motor shaft and the crusher shaft are parallel, and check whether the tightness of the transmission belt is appropriate.

3. Before the straw grinder starts, turn the rotor by hand to check whether the operation is flexible and normal, whether there is collision in the shell, whether the rotation direction of the rotor is correct, whether the motor and grinder are well lubricated, and so on.

4. The straw grinder should not change the pulley frequently in case the speed is too high or too low.

5. After the straw grinder starts, it should idle for 2 to 3 minutes, and then put in the material after there is no abnormal phenomenon.

6. the straw grinder should feed evenly. If there is noise, excessive temperature between bearing and body or spraying material outward, it should be stopped immediately for inspection and troubleshooting.

7. Before the straw grinder works, the staff should carefully check the materials to prevent hard objects such as metal and stone from entering the crushing room to cause accidents.

8. When feeding, the staff should stand on the side of the straw grinder to prevent it from being hurt by the sundries that bounce off. Do not hold the hand too tightly when crushing the long stalk to prevent it from being brought in.

9. The straw grinder stops feeding before stopping, and after the materials in the standby machine are removed, the power supply is cut off and stopped. Cleaning and maintenance should be carried out after shutdown.

10. After 300 hours of operation of the straw grinder, the bearing shall be cleaned and the oil shall be changed. When filling the oil, it is better to fill the clearance of the bearing housing with 1x3, which shall not exceed 1x2 at most.