What are the advantages of using sprinkler in agricultural field irrigation?

Sprinkler irrigation machine is one of the ideal water-saving irrigation machines suitable for the national conditions of our country, it is divided into many kinds, and each kind of sprinkler irrigation machine has different advantages, but each kind of sprinkler irrigation machine is suitable for different places, for example, some can not be used in the field. What are the advantages of using sprinkler irrigation machines in agricultural field irrigation?

Field sprinkler irrigation technology is a more advanced water-saving irrigation method, which has some characteristics compared with other water-saving irrigation methods.

1. Save water. The average water consumption of canal irrigated land is about 100 cubic meters per mu, and the highest in mountain areas is 150 cubic meters, while the water consumption of sprinkler irrigation fields is about 25 cubic meters per mu, and the water-saving rate is as high as 75%. The water-saving effect is more obvious in uneven water-poor mountain areas.

two。 Save land and increase production. The multiple cropping rate of 1.5 meters of small border land under canal irrigation is less than 60%, and the ridge of sprinkler irrigation field is removed, and the land multiple cropping rate is more than 90%. Perennial double cropping can increase production by about 300 kg per mu.

3. Adapt to a wide range of areas. The requirements for land leveling are not high, and the gentle slopes with complex topography can also be sprinkled; it can be used not only to irrigate crops, but also to irrigate gardens, grasslands, flowers, fertilizers, pesticides and so on.

4. Save time. It takes about 15 days to irrigate a round, and it takes only 4 days to water the sprinkler irrigation field, which saves time 2 and 3.

5. Save labor and money. Sprinkler irrigation demonstration villages set up 3-4 professional service teams, farmers only pay water fees, do not have to irrigate the land manually.

6. Improve soil structure. Too much land irrigated by canal irrigation is easy to cause soil consolidation. Sprinkler irrigation can manually control soil moisture, effectively improve soil physical properties, make soil loose, and is suitable for crop seeds to break soil and emerge seedlings, and can also improve field microclimate. reduce the harm of low humidity and high temperature dry and hot wind.

7. It is beneficial to carry out mechanized operation. Shorten the farming time in three summers and three autumn, buy time for timely sowing of wheat and summer corn, and form a virtuous circle of complete maturity of crops; spray irrigated wheat machine immediately after harvest to rush to plant corn, timely and appropriate amount of soil moisture, seedlings can emerge more than 10 days in advance.

8. Spraying chemical fertilizer to improve the effective utilization rate. In the traditional method of fertilization, the spraying is uneven, the effective utilization rate is about 30%, and the effective utilization rate can be increased to more than 70% by using sprinkler irrigation to spray fertilizer evenly.

From the comparison of some data between sprinkler irrigation and border irrigation, we can also see the obvious advantages of sprinkler irrigation in many aspects: saving water by about 50%, increasing the area of cultivated land by 7%, and saving labor by 50%. The yield of field crops increased by 20% Mel 30%, that of vegetables increased by 50% Mel 100%, and the irrigation quota of wheat decreased from 400 m3 / mu to 168 m3 / mu, an increase of 30%.

Second, the classification of sprinkler irrigation system:

Sprinkler irrigation system generally includes water source, power engine, water pump, channel system and sprinkler and so on. According to the degree to which the main components of the sprinkler irrigation system can be moved in the irrigation season, they can be divided into three types: fixed, semi-fixed and mobile.

1. Fixed sprinkler irrigation system. Pump and power machine constitute a fixed pumping station, main pipe and branch pipe are mostly buried in the ground, and the sprinkler is installed on the fixed vertical pipe. The mu investment is high, but the operation is convenient, the production efficiency is high, the land occupation is small and so on.

two。 Semi-fixed sprinkler irrigation system. Pumps, power machines and main pipes are made into fixed ones, and branch pipes are made into mobile ones. The investment per unit area is much lower than that of fixed sprinkler irrigation system.

3. Mobile sprinkler irrigation system. Only water sources are arranged in the field, while the power machine, water pump, main pipe, branch pipe and sprinkler can be moved. The utilization rate of equipment is high, and the investment is low, but the labor intensity of mobile units and pipelines is high, and the area is large.