Where is latosol distributed in China? What is suitable for growing?

Where is latosol distributed in China? What is suitable for growing? Latosol is a deep red soil developed by intense aluminization and biological enrichment of soils in tropical rain forests or monsoon forests under tropical monsoon climates. it is named after the soil color similar to burning red bricks. However, the latosol developed from basalt parent material in Leizhou Peninsula and northern Hainan Island in China is dark red. The soil layer is deep, the texture is heavy, and the clay content is more than 60%, showing an acidic to strongly acidic reaction.

Due to strong bioaccumulation, latosol topsoil is grayish brown, with a thickness of more than 15-30 cm and an organic matter content of 8-10%. However, the mineralization is also strong, and the molecular structure of the humus is relatively simple, and most of them are aluminate-rich and simple humic acid. It is characterized by large dispersion, little flocculation and unstable agglomerates.

Latosol distribution area

Latosol is the zonal soil in the southernmost tropical rain forest or seasonal rain forest in China. Latosol in China is mainly distributed in Hainan Island, Haikang, north bank of Qinzhou Bay, Suixi, Lianjiang, Xuwen and other counties, as well as the suburbs of Zhanjiang, the low hilly valleys of southern Yunnan (such as the tropical zone of Xishuangbanna) and the southernmost tropical rain forest and seasonal rain forest in Taiwan Province. roughly horizontally distributed in the low mountains, hills, gentle terraces and terraces south of 22 degrees north latitude. The vertical distribution is below 450m in Hainan and 800m below 1000m in southern Yunnan.

The distribution area of latosol is generally located in the tropics, with an annual average temperature of 23-26 ℃, an accumulated temperature of > 10 ℃ between 7500-9500 ℃ and an average annual precipitation of 1500-2000 mm. It is less rainy and foggy in winter and rainy in summer, with the characteristics of monsoon climate with high temperature and rainy dry season and wet season.

What is suitable for planting latosol

The main tree species suitable for planting in latosol are yellow branch wood, litchi, yellow tree, Casuarina equisetifolia, eucalyptus, Taiwan Acacia, rubber, myrtle, hill pine, partridge grass, wind grass and other herbs.

Crops in latosol can be harvested three times a year. Suitable for the growth of rubber, coconut and pepper, it is not only the main producing area of rubber, but also an important base for the development of tropical cash crops in China. Due to the occasional cold wave in winter, this area is disadvantageous to the development of tropical trees, which is still dominated by litchi, bananas and other fruit trees in the subtropics. And can grow coffee, cocoa, pineapple, paulownia, sisal and other tropical cash crops.

Latosol region should be reclaimed in a planned and rational manner, and diversified economy should be carried out. Short-term hot crops such as Yunnan Daye tea, cinchona, cocoa, cinnamon and Panax notoginseng can be planted among rubber forests, which is an important way to make full use of tropical soil resources.