How to quickly identify fake fertilizer?

In rural areas, individual unscrupulous dealers enter the village under the guise of prizes to deceive farmers with fake and shoddy chemical fertilizers, thus affecting farmers' harvest in a season. In order to protect our own legitimate rights and interests, today I would like to introduce to you how to quickly identify fake and shoddy chemical fertilizers.

The identification method of fertilizer quality can be summarized into five words, namely, seeing, touching, burning, testing and testing. The identification methods of several main types of chemical fertilizers are introduced as follows:

(1) nitrogen fertilizer. The fake urea that appears in the market is generally ammonium bicarbonate under the fertilizer bag and urea above, which is characterized by good fluidity above, no flow or even caking below, and a strong smell of ammonia, which can be judged to be fake urea mixed with ammonium bicarbonate. If the flow is good, but the particle color and particle size are not consistent, it is a mixture of urea and ammonium nitrate. The two can be further distinguished by the following three aspects.

① appearance. Urea and ammonium nitrate are tasteless white particles, the difference is that urea is translucent and there is no reflection on the surface, while the surface of ammonium nitrate particles is shiny and has obvious reflection.

② feel. Urea is smooth, loose and has no sense of moisture; ammonium nitrate is smooth and damp.

③ is on fire. Put the two substances on red charcoal or iron plate, urea melts quickly, white smoke smells like ammonia; ammonium nitrate burns violently, emitting strong light, white smoke, and accompanied by "hiss" sound.

(2) phosphate fertilizer. The main counterfeiters of common calcium in the market are phosphogypsum, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, waste cement slag and so on. The method of distinction is as follows:

① appearance. Common calcium is dark gray or grayish white, light gray loose powder, sour; phosphogypsum is gray-white hexagonal columnar crystal or crystalline powder, no sour taste; calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer has no sour taste, showing very dry vitreous fine or fine powder; waste cement slag is gray powder, no luster, there are more hard matter, the crushed powder is also coarse, without sour taste; the color of brick powder is blue, the powder is coarse, and there is no sour taste.

② feel. The texture of common calcium is heavy, but not frivolous; phosphogypsum is light, but dry; waste cement is heavier than common calcium, not greasy, not spongy, not dry, and there are hard cement slags.

③ is water soluble. Common calcium is partially soluble in water, phosphogypsum and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer are insoluble in water, and waste water mud powder is added to form slurry and re-solidified. In the identification, if it is found that there are obvious impurities such as soil, stone and coal cinder in the common calcium, it is inferior common calcium; if it is found that the sour taste is too strong and the moisture is too much, it is the uncured unqualified common calcium.

(3) potash fertilizer. Common in the market are imported and domestic potash fertilizer mixed and sold as imported potash fertilizer, the color is white or red, and the mixed potash fertilizer has poor fluidity. Potassium sulfate is mixed with potassium chloride and potassium magnesium fertilizer and sold as potassium sulfate. The mixed potassium fertilizer shows yellowish, white or yellowish or red crystals. In addition, there is also sodium chloride (salt) impersonated as potassium chloride, it is advisable to take a little fertilizer on the fire, if the purple flame is potassium chloride, if it produces a yellow flame, it is a fake product.

(4) compound fertilizer. In the market, most of them pretend to be nitric phosphate fertilizer and heavy superphosphate, and some also use common calcium and nitric phosphate fertilizer to pretend to be diammonium phosphate. There are similar colors, particles and compressive strength between them, but there are great differences in composition, content and price. Granular calcium superphosphate contains 14%-18% phosphorus; triple phosphate fertilizer (heavy calcium) contains 40%-50% phosphorus; nitric phosphate fertilizer contains 20% nitrogen and 20% phosphorus; diammonium phosphate contains 46% phosphorus and 18% nitrogen.

① appearance. When diammonium phosphate is not damp, the middle is dark brown, the edge is yellowish, the outer edge of the particles is slightly translucent, and the surface is slightly smooth, showing irregular particles; after damp, the color of the particles deepens, and there is no sense of yellow and edge transparency; after wet, the particles behave the same as the damp particles, and there is a very small amount of pink and white on the surface. The sense of transparency of nitrophosphate fertilizer is not obvious, and the surface of the particles is smooth, showing dark brown irregular particles. The granular fertilizer of heavy superphosphate is dark gray, and the color of calcium superphosphate is lighter, gray and light gray, and the surface is less smooth.

② is water soluble. Nitrophosphate, diammonium phosphate and heavy superphosphate are all soluble in water; granular calcium superphosphate is slightly soluble in water.

③ is on fire. Ammonium phosphate and nitrophosphate fertilizer burned on red charcoal can quickly melt and release ammonia; heavy calcium superphosphate and calcium superphosphate have no ammonia smell, especially the shape of calcium superphosphate particles has not changed at all.