How should wheat stripe rust and scab be treated? (with prevention and control methods)

At present, it is not only an important period for the formation of wheat yield, but also a critical period for the prevention and control of diseases and pests. Affected by the recent rainfall weather processes in Jianghuai, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the high number of bacteria in the field, the epidemic risk of scab increased, showing a recurrent epidemic trend, and the agricultural department strengthened prevention and control to ensure a bumper harvest.

According to the dispatch of the national pest forecasting and monitoring network, as of May 4, the cumulative occurrence area of wheat diseases and insect pests was 410 million mu, an increase of 12% over the same period last year, and the cumulative control area was 380 million mu. Among them, the cumulative occurrence area of stripe rust is about 47 million mu, and the control area is 50.76 million mu. The cumulative occurrence area of scab is 5.84 million mu, and the cumulative prevention area is 74.6 million mu.

The agricultural department will take measures such as intensive monitoring and early warning, carrying out unified prevention and control, accurate guidance services, and strengthening supervision and inspection to prevent and control wheat scab. So, how should farmers use medicine to control wheat scab and stripe rust? Now, the editor will arrange and edit the drug prevention and treatment technology, hoping to provide help to you.

Wheat scab

In the perennial disease epidemic areas such as the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Huang-Huai, on the basis of strengthening fitness cultivation, we should grasp the critical period of wheat heading and flowering, treat flowers, take the initiative to prevent and curb the epidemic of diseases. For highly susceptible varieties, from heading to flowering stage, if the weather forecast for overcast, rainy, dewy and foggy weather in the next 2 days, the first application time should be advanced to the broken heading stage. Carbendazim, thiophanate, methyl thiophanate, dienoxime carbendazim, enoxime tebuconazole, oxime tebuconazole, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus Jinggang should be used, and rain should be encountered within 3-6 hours after application. If the disease is seriously prevalent, it should be sprayed once or twice every 5-7 days after the first control to ensure the control effect. In areas where there is a high level of resistance to carbendazim, the use of benzimidazoles should be stopped and rotation and mixed use should be advocated. In the occasional area of scab, combined with the prevention and control of other diseases and insect pests, simultaneous treatment can be carried out at the heading and flowering stage.

Wheat stripe rust

Strengthen disease surveillance and carry out regional prevention and treatment. In the southwest, the Han River valley, southern Henan, Longnan, Gansu and other major winter areas, it is necessary to block the affected fields, fully implement the preventive measures of "carrying medicine to investigate, manage and protect noodles," reduce the spread of bacteria, and prevent the spread to the Huang-Huai and North China wheat areas. reduce the epidemic risk of late-maturing winter wheat and spring wheat. In the Huang-Huai spring epidemic area, the prevention and control strategy of "finding one point, preventing and controlling one piece" should be implemented to control the disease center in time; when the average rate of diseased leaves in the field reaches 0.5: 1%, organize to carry out large-scale emergency prevention and control, and achieve full coverage of prevention and control in similar areas. The prevention and treatment agents can be triadimefon, diniconazole, tebuconazole, fluconazole, hexazole, propiconazole, promethazol, pyrazole, pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics, enoxime tebuconazole and so on.

In addition to focusing on the prevention and control of the above two diseases, in order to achieve a bumper wheat harvest, it is also necessary to do a good job in the prevention and control of the following diseases and insect pests.

Wheat sheath blight and powdery mildew

When the wheat turned green to the early jointing stage, when the disease rate of sheath blight reached about 10%, spray control was carried out. The medicament can choose tebuconazole, propiconazole, diniconazole, Jinggangmycin A (choose high content preparation), polyantimycin, Trichoderma, Jinggang wax germ and so on. Spray control when the diseased leaf rate of powdery mildew reaches 10%. The commonly used agents are triadimefon, diniconazole, nitrile myclozole, propiconazole, fluconazole, tebuconazole, prochloraz, eosin, enoxime and so on. If the field is seriously occurred, it should be sprayed again every 7 to 10 days. It is necessary to use enough liquid to aim at the base and spray evenly to improve the prevention and control effect.

Wheat midge

The two key links of soil treatment in middle pupa stage and spraying control in adult stage should be emphasized in high density area, and adult control from heading to flowering should be done in general occurrence area. When there are more than 4 pupae per square soil sample (10 × 10 × 20cm) in the booting stage of wheat, phoxim and parathion are selected to make poisonous soil and spread evenly along the wheat ridge, and the effect of watering is better after sprinkling the poisonous soil. At the heading stage of wheat, when there are more than 25 adults every 10 times, or when you can see more than 2 adults with two hands, we should use phoxim, chlorpyrifos, cyhalothrin, cyhalothrin and imidacloprid for spray control. The drug was used twice continuously in the recurrence area at an interval of 3 days to ensure the effect.

Wheat aphid

When the number of aphids in seedling stage reaches more than 500 aphids, key treatment should be carried out. When the number of 100 aphids in the field at heading stage is more than 1000, and the benefit-damage ratio (natural enemies: aphids) is less than 1: 150, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, aldicarb, cyhalothrin, matrine and ear mold can be used to control. When the mixed occurrence of diseases and insect pests at the spike stage of wheat, the comprehensive control at the spike stage should be carried out in time. In areas where conditions permit, aphid cocoon wasps should be released for biological control; aphid migration areas such as North China wheat region can place yellow trapping boards in the fields to trap and kill winged aphids in the middle and late March, so as to reduce the population base and reduce the harm at panicle stage.

Wheat spider

In the green and jointing stage, when the average number of 33 cm long mites is more than 200, avermectin, bifenthrin, malathion, biphenyl triazophos can be sprayed and controlled by deep ploughing, weeding, fertilizer application, irrigation and other agricultural measures.

Common pesticides in wheat diseases and insect pests

Insecticides: imidacloprid, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiazide, deltamethrin, cypermethrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, dichlorvos, aldicarb, avermectin, matrine, etc. Among them, imidacloprid and acetamiprid should not be used alone, but should be sprayed reasonably mixed with low toxic organophosphorus pesticides.

Fungicides: triadimefon, diniconazole, tebuconazole, hexazole, propiconazole, difenoconazole, prochloraz, fluconazole, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl, cyanostat, Bacillus cereus, Jinggangmycin, etc.