Practical fertilization techniques for High yield of Peanut, an Economic crop

Peanut is an important economic crop. When fertilizing, we should master the principle of organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and the combination of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, and achieve stable and high yield through balanced fertilization and topdressing. The specific fertilization techniques are as follows:

The amount of sufficient base fertilizer accounts for 80% of the total amount of fertilizer, and some peanut fields only need to apply sufficient base fertilizer, even if there is little or no fertilization in the later stage, high yield can be obtained, which shows the importance of base fertilizer. Generally, 2000 kilograms of rotten high-quality agricultural and animal manure, 15 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, 40 kilograms of superphosphate, 7.5 kilograms of potassium chloride and 4 kilograms of urea are applied per mu. Phosphate fertilizer had better be mixed with organic fertilizer at the ratio of 0.5% to 1%, which is beneficial to improve fertilizer efficiency. In some alkaline areas, 1525 kg of gypsum can be applied, and molybdenum fertilizer can be soaked in 10 grams of 20 grams of ammonium molybdate or 0.1% 0.2% solution for 3 hours. After drying, the seeds can be sowed, and gypsum or lime can be used as base fertilizer when combined with cultivated land.

Skillfully applying topdressing fertilizer is light topdressing. Peanut seedling fertilizer can promote its early development, strong seedlings and more branches, increase flowers and fruits, increase yield, and need less fertilizer at seedling stage, but if basal fertilizer is insufficient or no basal fertilizer is applied, quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer should be applied properly to promote seedling growth and flower bud differentiation. Urea 3kg / mu can be used directly before anthesis, or 250kg / mu of mature human and animal feces and water fertilizer 250kg / mu can be added. The second is to apply flower needle fertilizer. More fertilizer is needed in the flowering stage, and the function is to promote more flowering, more planting and more fruiting of peanuts. Generally, urea 4kg / mu, diammonium phosphate 6kg / mu, potassium sulfate 5kg / mu, or plant ash 50kg / mu. If the podding period of the lower needle is weak, 100g 250g urea can be added in the extra-root topdressing. The third is to apply pod fertilizer skillfully. Podding period is the period that needs the most fertilizer, and it is also the key period to promote the accumulation of dry matter and the development of fruit needles and pods. Grasp the application of diammonium phosphate 4kg / mu and calcium superphosphate 6kg / mu before closure. For those who do not apply boron or zinc fertilizer, 0.1% 0.1% zinc sulfate or borax aqueous solution can be sprayed for 2 times when podding fertilizer is applied. In the later stage of peanut growth, because the plant has been closed, it is not suitable for topdressing fertilizer, but for those who have the phenomenon of de-fertilization, foliar spraying fertilizer with urea solution with a concentration of 1% to 2% can be used to improve the seed setting rate and strong fruit.

The application of calcium fertilizer can promote the formation of pods, reduce the number of empty pods and increase the number of full fruits. When using lime as topdressing, we can combine ploughing and cultivating soil at the early flowering stage and apply it shallowly in the podding area of peanut trees, generally applying 5kg / mu or 7.5kg / mu of calcium sulfate.

Artificial inoculation of peanut rhizobium with topdressing bacterial fertilizer can promote early nodulation and multi-nodulation of peanut and improve the nitrogen fixation ability of the plant. At present, the amount of peanut rhizobium agent (rhizobium fertilizer) popularized in production is generally 25 grams per mu. When it is used, it should be mixed with seeds in a paste with appropriate amount of water, and should be mixed with seeds to prevent sunlight, and should not be mixed or contacted with fungicides.