A complete Collection of Common Diseases and insect pests in Peach trees and their treatment methods

Peach, because of its wide market sales, good economic benefits and easy cultivation and management, is favored by many farmers and is widely cultivated in China. Let me borrow a question from this group of friends to popularize the common diseases and treatment methods of peach trees for you today.

Common diseases

Peach gum disease, peach perforation, peach scab, peach anthracnose, bacterial root cancer and so on.

① peach gum disease

It is an important disease of branches, resulting in tree weakness, reduced yield or dead trees. there are two kinds of non-infectious and fungal infectivity. In spring and summer, with lenticels as the center, some protuberant disease spots of different sizes occurred on the new shoots of the same year, followed by colorless translucent soft gum.

Translucent gum will also flow from the wounds of other branches or near 1-2-year-old bud marks, and then the gum turns into a tea-brown crystal, which expands after absorbing water, showing a quilt-like colloid, and in severe cases, the bark is cracked, the branches die, and the tree is weak.

Treatment method:

First remove the glue, dilute 50-100 times, apply evenly to the affected area with a brush, and prevent it after 1-2 times. For the initial occurrence of large area gummy disease, Kuifujing diluted 100-200 times to spray evenly at the site of the disease.

② peach bacterial perforation

The disease is caused by bacteria and mainly harms leaves, fruits and shoots. At the beginning of the disease, the leaves were water-stained yellow-white to white spots, and then formed round, polygonal or irregular shape, purplish brown to black-brown, with a spot about 2-4 mm in diameter, surrounded by a yellowish-green watermarked halo, and then the spot dried up and fell off into a perforation. When the fruit occurs, the disease spot takes the lenticel as the center, the fruit surface has a dark purple round central depression, the edge is watery, and the central part of the epidermis of the disease spot is cracked in the later stage. The pathogenic bacteria overwintered in the branch tissue, and as the temperature rose the following year, the latent bacteria began to move and form disease spots. Before and after the peach tree blossoms, the bacteria overflow from the diseased tissue and spread by wind, rain or insects.

Leaves generally occur in May, high temperature and humidity is conducive to bacterial infection, the disease is aggravated. The disease is more serious in orchards with weak tree potential, poor drainage or too much nitrogen fertilizer, and the difference of disease resistance among varieties is closely related to the severity of the disease.

Treatment method:

Spraying with 1000-1500 times liquid of Ye Yingling can kill bacteria quickly and block the spread of disease; when the disease is serious, it can be increased to 1000-1000 times liquid, it is recommended to use it once every 7-10 days, 2-3 times continuously.

③ peach scab

Also known as scab, it mainly harms fruits, as well as shoots and leaves. Most of the fruits fall ill at the shoulder of the fruit. The disease spot on the fruit is green and watery at first, and becomes black-green and nearly round after enlargement. When the fruit is ripe, the disease spot becomes purple or dark brown, the disease spot is limited to the pericarp, does not go deep into the pulp, and the disease spot is corked and cracked in the later stage.

The time for the pathogen to invade the fruit was 6 weeks after falling flowers, from about the middle of May to one month before ripening. After the branch is injured, the disease spot is oblong light brown, and then becomes grayish brown to brown, surrounded by dark brown to purplish brown, with uplift and glue flow often occurs.

Treatment method:

The same treatment of bacterial perforation, scab and anthrax

④ peach anthracnose

The young fruit is infected before the hard core, and the brown-green water-stained disease spot occurs on the fruit surface, then the disease spot expands and sinks, and pink sticky spores are produced, and the disease spot on the young fruit increases and reaches the fruit stem, and then goes deep into the fruit branch. make the leaves on the new shoots curl longitudinally, which is one of the characteristics of the disease.

Most of the damaged fruits fell off in May. The disease occurred in the near ripening period of the fruit, the symptoms of the fruit surface were the same as before, and there was obvious concentric ring shrinkage, and finally the fruit was soft rotten and fell off. The early spring peach tree blossoms and young fruit stage is cold and rainy, which is beneficial to the disease, while the fruit ripening stage is warm, cloudy, foggy and humid.

Treatment method:

The same treatment of bacterial perforation, scab and anthrax

⑤ root cancer

Occurs on the root, root neck and stem of the peach, the affected part first forms a gray-white tumor, the quality is tender, the tumor grows continuously, turns brown, Lignification, the texture is dry and hard, the surface is irregular, rough and cracked.

Treatment method: dig out the root system near the trunk, scrape the root nodule and disinfect it with 600 times root rot solution, protect the wound with wound healing agent, change the surrounding soil, apply more organic fertilizer, irrigate rooting powder, promote root germination and enhance tree potential.

Common insect pests

Peach aphid, peach borer, peach leaf moth, small green leafhopper, Hawthorn red spider, mulberry white scale, peach ball scale, tea wing bug, red-necked longicorn beetle and so on.

① peach aphid

The adults and larvae gathered on the back of the leaves, and the damaged leaves rolled longitudinally from the edge of the leaves to the back of the leaves, the tissue became hypertrophic and chlorotic, and excreted mucus to pollute the branches and leaves, inhibiting the growth of new shoots and causing fallen leaves.

Generally, there are more than 20 generations a year, overwintering with eggs on peach trees, or wingless female aphids in the wind barrier or with cruciferous vegetables in the vegetable cellar. If the peach tree overwinters with the eggs, the peach buds germinate to the flowering stage in the early spring of the following year, and the eggs begin to hatch and cluster on the tender buds to suck up juice. From March to April, parthenogenetic reproduction is harmful.

② Hawthorn red spider

There are 5-9 generations a year, with female adults overwintering in the soil, withered leaves and weeds near the tree bark and trunk. In early April, peach blossoms were stung at the end of blooming, endangering the new young tissue. Lay eggs after flowering, and hatch after falling flowers.

One month after falling flowers is the peak incubation period of the second generation eggs. After June, the temperature is high, the reproduction is fast, generations overlap, and the harm is serious, often causing a large number of fallen leaves. Until September, overwintering females occurred one after another, latent overwintering.

③ tea wing bug

Adults and nymphs suck the juice of tender fruit, tender leaves and tender shoots. After the fruit is killed, it shows a convex and uneven abnormal fruit, and the pulp becomes empty and corked. After the peach fruit was killed, the gum was flowed at the thorn, the flesh was sunken, the fruit became stiff and hardened, and the young fruit often fell off, which had a great impact on the yield and quality.

The adults overwintered under the eaves of the cottage and in the stone cracks, and began to sting in late April of the following year, flying to Taoyuan to do harm. It laid eggs on the back of the leaves in June, and the egg period was about 10 days. It began to hatch in late July, clustered near the egg block, then gradually dispersed, began to Eclosion to adults in July and August, and found a suitable place to spend the winter in September.

④ scale insect

Scale insects use nymphs and adults to stab the host sap, and the number of insects is very large. Some of them completely cover the bark and overlap into layers to form uneven gray-white wax substances. The trees contaminated with mucus are oily, and the damaged branches are underdeveloped. The heavy branches or the whole plant withered, and the 2-3-year-old branches suffered the most.

It began to lay eggs in late April of the following year, and the eggs were laid under the shell and dried up and died after spawning. The nymph began to hatch in early May, and the nymph crawled everywhere on the branches after climbing out of the mother's full shell. Fixed after a few days, and began to secrete wax filaments, peeling to form a shell, piercing the mouthparts under the bark to suck the juice. After the second peeling, the female becomes an adult and sucks immovably under the shell, while the male becomes a pupa after the second peeling, which is dense on the branches. The first generation of adults began to Eclosion in mid-June. Spawning begins in late June.

⑤ red neck longicorn beetle

The larvae overwintered in the trunk decay path and resumed their activity between March and April of the following year. Irregular tunnels were drilled under the cortex and xylem, and a large amount of reddish-brown fecal debris was discharged out of the wormhole, covering the ground outside the hole and the base of the trunk. The damage was the most serious in May and June, and when it was serious, all the tree trunks were eaten and died. When the larvae mature, they open a row of fecal holes outward, bond feces and sawdust with secretions, and pupate cocoons in the tunnel. In June and July, the adults emerged after Eclosion, and mating laid eggs in the coarse bark gap between the base of the tree and the main branches. After hatching, the larvae eat food under the skin and pass the winter through diapause. The following spring continued to eat the cortex, to July and August, upward to the xylem into a curved tunnel, and then through winter, to mature pupae and Eclosion into adults in May and June of the third year.

Various pest treatment methods:

Before the peach tree sprouts, the root of the peach tree is evenly sprinkled with insecticide, and then poured through water to effectively control many kinds of pests, such as peach aphid, Hawthorn red spider, tea-wing bug, scale insect and red-necked longicorn beetle, and to effectively control all kinds of pests on peach trees for more than half a year, without a variety of pesticides or frequent spraying, so as to achieve high efficiency, labor, time, labor and fruit safety.

When the pest occurs, the root is irrigated with the chemical fertilizer "trichlorfenamine". Five days after the pesticide, the pesticide reaches all parts of the tree to kill the pest and control the pest for a long time.