What are the commonly used pesticides? What is the function of each?

At present, the unified English name pesticide-- in the world is "killing pesticide", but in fact, the so-called pesticide refers to the prevention and control of pests (pests, harmful mites, nematodes, pathogens, weeds and rats) that endanger the production of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry. Later, through the long-term development of production and life process, gradually realized that some natural have the ability to control pests in agriculture and animal husbandry. To 17 categories, etc.) and chemicals and biological drugs that regulate plant growth. Various auxiliaries used for hygiene and improving the physicochemical properties of active ingredients are usually included.

Insecticide

Tocopherol salt

Compared with avermectin, the insecticidal, acaricidal and nematicidal activities increased by 10-100 times, and the insecticidal spectrum became wider; stomach toxicity mainly had contact effect; pests developed irreversible paralysis, stopped eating, died after 2-4 days, and the killing speed was slow; the duration of effect was 10-15 days for pests and 15-25 days for mites. It has no internal absorption to crops, but can infiltrate into the epidermis; thrips have extremely high activity against Lepidoptera, mites, Coleoptera and Homoptera pests, and are not easy to cause resistance to pests; they are easy to degrade in soil; they are highly safe for all crops in protected areas or 10 times the recommended dosage, and there is a second insecticidal peak in more than 10 days.

Imidacloprid

Nicotine; contact, stomach poison and internal inhalation; pest paralysis and death; good quick effect, one day has a high control effect, the residual period is about 25 days; high temperature has good insecticidal effect; piercing mouthparts pests; easy to be absorbed by crops and distributed to the top, with root suction effect

Tebufenozide

Promote the molting of Lepidoptera larvae; contrary to other mechanisms of inhibiting the molting of larvae; effective on both the older and younger instar larvae; stop feeding within 6-8 hours (stomach toxicity), which is faster than that of molting inhibitors, and begin to die after 3-4 days; no drug damage, safe to crops, no residual drug spots

Malathion

The virulence decreases when the temperature is low, which can appropriately increase the dosage or concentration; chewable mouthparts and piercing mouthparts pests; contact and stomach toxicity, certain fumigation and osmosis; strong knockdown force to pests, good effect at high temperature; short residual period; it is easy to cause drug damage to sorghum, melon beans, pears, grapes, cherries and other varieties, and should be used with caution; stop using 10 days before fruit picking. Diflubenzuron

When the drug was used in the early larval stage, the older the age, the worse the control effect. ; inhibit chitin synthesis; stomach toxicity, can invade the epidermis of insects and eggs, but no internal absorption; spray on the back of plant leaves; the efficacy period is more than 30 days, resistant to Rain Water scouring; safe to natural enemies, high activity against Lepidoptera and mosquito fly larvae; death began at 3 days and reached the death peak at 5 days; ineffective against adults

Quinathion

Insecticidal and acaricidal effect, with stomach toxicity and contact effect, no internal inhalation and fumigation, good permeability, certain ovicidal effect, fast degradation in plants, short residual period; good effect on controlling chewing and sucking pests; good effect of acetamiprid chloride nicotine pyridine; contact and stomach poison, good endospiration activity; inhibition of acetylcholine receptor activity Effective control of aphids, leafhoppers, whiteflies, scale insects in Hemiptera, leaf moths, small herbivores in Lepidoptera, longicorn beetles, thrips and other pests in Coleoptera; granules can control underground pests with a long duration of about 20 days.

Thiazinone

It can inhibit chitin synthesis and interfere with metabolism; it can be effective only after 7 days, and it has no direct killing effect on adults, but it can shorten its life span, reduce the number of eggs laid, and produce sterile eggs, and the larvae die quickly even if they hatch. It has a good control effect on planthopper, leafhopper, whitefly and shellfish pests of Hemiptera, and the efficacy period is more than 30 days; it can not be used by toxic soil method; it is not suitable to contact Chinese cabbage and radish directly, otherwise there will be brown spots and green leaves and other drug damage.

Isoprocarb

Contact killing effect, has a certain penetration and conduction activity, and strong quick effect; mainly used in rice to control rice planthopper and leafhopper, and can also smelt thrips; can not be used at the same time with paspalum, must be used at intervals of more than 10 days; the pesticide is harmful to taro and should not be used.

Phoxim

Wide insecticidal spectrum, strong knockdown force, mainly contact and stomach toxicity, no internal absorption, very effective to phosphoptera larvae and certain killing effect on eggs; light unstable, preferably used at night or evening, with short residual period; in soil, the residual period is very long, suitable for the control of underground pests; cucumbers and kidney beans are sensitive to phoxim, easy to cause drug damage, sorghum is sensitive, and should not be sprayed. Corn fields can only use granules to control corn borer, do not spray to control aphids, armyworm and so on.

Methotrexate

Contact, stomach poison and osmosis; chewing and piercing mouth organ pests have special effect on scale insects and certain control effect on mites; residual period is 10 min 20 days; concentration in orchard should not be too high, otherwise it will cause brown disease spot

Bifenthrin

Insecticides and acaricides; stomach poison and contact toxicity; rapid action and long-lasting effect; activity is several times higher than other pyrethroids; vegetables are discontinued 4 days before harvest; efficacy is more effective at low temperature, used in spring and autumn. Methomyl acts quickly; contact and stomach toxicity are both

Phoxim

Contact and stomach toxicity, no internal suction; fast knockdown speed, can control the larvae of underground pests and Lepidoptera pests; melons, beans, sugar beets and corn are sensitive to phoxim; stop using them 5 days before harvest. Chlorpyrifos (Lexben, chloropiphos, poisonous silk) broad-spectrum, stomach poison, contact and fumigation; good effect on underground pests; Coleoptera, Lepidoptera pests and harmful mites; melons are sensitive to seedlings

Cypermethrin

Contact, stomach toxicity, and repellent effect, strong knockdown force, fast insecticidal speed; special effect on Lepidoptera pests, and effective on aphids and small green leafhoppers. The control effect on mites and bug bugs is poor, the residual period is relatively low, the penetration is weak, and the internal pollution to the fruit is less.

Deltamethrin

Contact killing effect, which has both stomach toxicity, repellent and antifeeding effect; Lepidoptera larvae have special effect, but have no effect on mites; weak penetration, only pollute the pericarp.

Cyhalothrin (kung fu, PP321)

It has strong contact and stomach toxicity to pests and mites, as well as repellent effect, resistant to Rain Water erosion, and can not be treated with soil.

Cyhalothrin (permethrin, permethrin)

Contact killing and stomach toxicity; many kinds of Lepidoptera larvae have good effect; killing eggs; repellent effect

Bacillus thuringiensis

Bacteria; stomach poison; produce bacterial toxin; efficacy is slow; residual period is about 10 days; the higher the temperature, the more food, the better the effect; larvae of Lepidoptera pests such as Pieris rapae, Plutella xylostella, Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera exigua, Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera litura; use broad-spectrum antibiotic insecticides and acaricides 2-3 days in advance; stomach poison and contact killing, repellent

Tetrameric acetaldehyde

Strong attraction; rainy season in spring and autumn; seedling sowing or transplanting; low temperature (below 1.5 ℃) or high temperature (above 35 ℃) affect the control effect due to the weak activity of snails.

Butyl ether urea

Thiourea insecticides and acaricides; used in cotton, fruits, vegetables and tea trees; with internal absorption and fumigation, transformed into insecticide active substances under ultraviolet light, suitable for use in sunny days; resistant aphids, leafhoppers and Bemisia Tabaci; control the damage of Plutella xylostella, Plutella xylostella and Noctuidae

Diflubenzuron

Chitin synthase was inhibited, resulting in adult infertility, killing larvae, pupae, adults and eggs, and more significant control effect on Lepidoptera and Diptera larvae.

Fluorocarbazide

Insecticidal and ovicidal activity, and quick effect, especially against Helicoverpa armigera; a variety of Coleoptera, Diptera, Homoptera insects inhibit the feeding speed of pests; faster knockdown force

Acaricidal agent

Dacarine

Broad spectrum, high efficiency, contact; egg, nymph and adult mites; long period of quick and residual effect; spray evenly on both sides

Alkyne acaroid

Contact killing and stomach toxicity; poor effect on eggs; the effect is good when using more than 20 ℃, and the effect decreases with temperature below 20 ℃; the residual period can reach 15 to 25 days; low concentration must be used under the condition of high temperature and high humidity.

Tetramiazine

Spraying before hatching of winter eggs can control phytophagous spider mites in the whole season; has special effect on Tetranychus Ulmus (apple red spider), but has no effect on predatory mites and beneficial insects; organic nitrogen heterocycles; contact killing, killing both eggs and nymph mites, but the effect on adult mites is poor. The effective period can be up to 50 min and 60 days; to control apple red spider, to apply pesticide at the early incubation period of overwintering eggs before flowering, to control mountain planting red spider, and to apply pesticide during the peak period of cochlear oviposition after falling flower; the efficacy is slow, and the highest acaricidal activity can be achieved only 3 weeks after treatment, and it is not affected by temperature during the initial incubation period of mites, and can be mixed with stone sulfur mixture.

Thiazox

It has penetration to plant epidermis and has no internal absorption and conduction effect. It has strong characteristics of killing eggs and nymph mites, but has no effect on adult mites, but has the effect of inhibiting hatching; non-temperature-sensitive acaricides, the efficacy can be maintained for about 50 days, the efficacy is slow, and the appropriate time for application should be early; it can be mixed with Bordeaux solution, stone sulphide agent and other pesticides. It has good control effect on spider mites, but poor control effect on rust mites and gall mites.

Triazolyclotin

It has strong contact killing effect, broad spectrum, can kill nymph mites, adult mites and summer eggs, but has no effect on winter eggs. It is stable to light, has a long residual period and is safe for crops. Spraying sweet oranges at more than 32 ℃ will cause drug damage to new shoots and young leaves, which should be avoided in high temperature season.

Fenpropathrin

A nerve agent that has certain acaricidal activity but does not contain fluorine; has a long residual period; repels it from feeding and spawning, non-temperature-sensitive; Lepidoptera; not used as a special acaricide; the residual period is about 10 days.

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