What is phosphate fertilizer? What kind of phosphate fertilizer do you have? The function of phosphate fertilizer

Phosphate fertilizer (full name: phosphorus fertilizer), a fertilizer with phosphorus as the main nutrient. The size and speed of fertilizer effect, phosphate fertilizer depends on the content of available phosphorus pentoxide, soil properties, fertilizer release methods, crop types and so on.

Classification of phosphate fertilizer:

The size and speed of fertilizer effect are determined by the content of available phosphorus pentoxide, soil properties, fertilization methods, crop types and so on.

According to the source, it can be divided into:

(1) Natural phosphate fertilizer, such as seabird dung, animal bone meal and fish bone meal, etc.

(2) chemical phosphate fertilizer, such as calcium superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, etc.

Classified according to the solubility of the phosphates

(1) Water-soluble phosphate fertilizer, such as general calcium phosphate, heavy superphosphate and so on. Its main component is monocalcium phosphate. Easy to dissolve in water, fertilizer effect is faster.

(2) wolfberry soluble phosphate fertilizer, such as precipitated phosphate fertilizer, steel slag phosphate fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, defluorinated phosphate fertilizer and so on. Its main component is dicalcium phosphate. Slightly soluble in water and soluble in water 2% citric acid solution, the fertilizer effect is slow.

(3) insoluble phosphate fertilizer, such as bone powder and phosphate rock powder. Its main component is tricalcium phosphate. Slightly soluble in water and 2% citric acid solution, the fertilizer effect can not occur until it is gradually transformed into monocalcium phosphate or dicalcium phosphate in the soil.

Rational application of phosphate fertilizer can increase crop yield, improve crop quality, accelerate the tillering of cereal crops and promote the fullness of grains, promote the flowering and fruiting of cotton, melons, eggplant vegetables and fruit trees, and increase the rate of fruit. increase the sugar content of sugar beet, sugarcane, watermelon, etc., and the oil content of rapeseed.

How to apply phosphate fertilizer has the best effect?

You don't have to give it every year.

After the application of phosphate fertilizer, the crops in the current season can only absorb and utilize a small part of it, while the later effect can last for several years. Therefore, in the years after the application of phosphate fertilizer, it is not necessary to apply it every year.

Early application of phosphate fertilizer

Crops absorb phosphorus most quickly in the seedling stage, accounting for half of the total phosphorus absorbed by crops in the whole growing period. if there is phosphorus deficiency in the seedling stage, it will affect the growth in the later stage, and it is difficult to recover the loss of phosphorus deficiency in the early stage, even if supplementary application in the later stage. therefore, we should pay attention to the lack of phosphorus in the seedling stage of crops.

Fine application of phosphate fertilizer

Calcium superphosphate is easy to absorb moisture and agglomerate during storage, so it must be broken and screened in order to facilitate the absorption of crop roots.

Point application and strip application

Concentrated application of phosphorus is easy to be fixed by iron, aluminum, calcium and other elements in the soil and fail. Therefore, hole application and strip application should be carried out to fix phosphorus around seeds and roots, which can not only prevent phosphorus from being fixed by iron, aluminum, calcium and other elements in the surrounding soil, but also conducive to the absorption of crop roots.

Mixed application of phosphate fertilizer and organic fertilizer

The mixed application of phosphate fertilizer, especially calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and organic fertilizer, can transform the insoluble phosphorus in phosphate fertilizer into available phosphorus that can be easily absorbed by crops.

Deep and shallow application

The layered application of phosphate fertilizer has little mobility in the soil, and it is basically where it is applied, so phosphate fertilizer should be applied in both deep and shallow layers. The application of phosphate fertilizer in the shallow layer is beneficial to the absorption of seedlings, thus making the crops turn green early and tiller quickly. The application of phosphate fertilizer is generally applied in the shallow layer 1 to 3 and in the deep layer 2 to 3.

Combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus and mixed application of nitrogen fertilizer

Crops absorb all kinds of nutrients in a certain proportion, if the proportion is out of proportion, it will not grow well. The combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus can not only balance nutrients, but also promote root growth and lay the foundation for high yield.

Extra-root spraying

In the later stage of crop growth, the root system gradually ages and the ability to absorb nutrients weakens, which often leads to phosphorus deficiency. At this time, water-soluble calcium superphosphate can be sprayed on the leaves of crops to make phosphorus enter the plant through the stomata or stratum corneum on the leaves.

Simple identification method of phosphate fertilizer

First, identify from the packaging

1. Check the sign. Chemical fertilizer bags must be marked with product name, nutrient content, grade, trademark, net weight, standard code, factory name, factory address, production license number and so on. two。 Check the seal of the bag. Special attention should be paid to the chemical fertilizer with obvious opening marks on the sealing of the bag. this kind of fertilizer may be adulterated.

Second, distinguish from shape and color

1. Urea: White or yellowish, granular, needle-like or prism-like crystal. two。 Ammonium sulfate: White crystal. 3. Calcium superphosphate: grayish white or light-skinned powder. 4. Heavy superphosphate: dark gray, grayish white particles or powder. 5. Calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer: grayish brown or dark green powder. 6. Potassium sulfate; white crystal or powder. 7 potassium chloride: White or reddish particles. 8. Monoammonium phosphate: grayish white or dark gray particles. 9. Diammonium phosphate: White or yellowish particles.

Third, distinguish from the smell.

The fine particle with an obvious pungent ammonia smell is ammonium bicarbonate. The sour fine powder is heavy superphosphate, and the special fishy smell is lime nitrogen. If calcium superphosphate has a very pungent and strange sour taste, it means that waste sulfuric acid is likely to be used in the production process, which is very easy to damage or burn crops.

IV. Identification method by adding water and dissolving

Take 1 gram of chemical fertilizer, put it in a clean glass or white porcelain bowl, add 10 mg distilled water (or clean cold boiled water), shake fully, see its dissolution, all dissolve is nitrogenous fertilizer or potassium fertilizer, soluble in water but with residue is calcium superphosphate; soluble in water without residue or residue is heavy superphosphate; soluble in water but with a greater smell of ammonia is ammonium bicarbonate.

5. Burning identification method

Take a small tablespoon of chemical fertilizer on the red charcoal, burn violently, carefully observe the situation, smoke and fire, ammonia smell is ammonium nitrate; explosion, no ammonia smell is potassium chloride; no violent reaction, ammonia smell is urea and ammonium chloride; phosphate rock powder with a little ammonium sulfate but no ammonia flavor.

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