Culture methods and matters needing attention of longevity flowers

Longevity flowers are ideal indoor farmed flowers in winter and spring. It has a small plant, compact plant type, green leaves and dense flowers, and has the meaning of good luck and longevity. It is an ideal potted flower for relatives, friends and elders. What should we pay attention to for the breeding of longevity flowers? Today, we will introduce the culture methods of longevity flowers:

Culture methods of longevity flowers (basic knowledge)

1. Soil selection for longevity flower culture:

Longevity flowers should not be cultivated in clayey soil, otherwise it will lead to poor growth, rotten roots and leaves, and in serious cases, plant death. The basin soil was mixed with 4 parts of rotten leaf soil, 4 parts of garden soil and 2 parts of river sand, plus a small amount of bone powder. This kind of cultivated soil is loose and fertile, has good drainage performance, and shows a slightly acidic reaction, which is beneficial to the development of root system.

2. Fertilization methods for longevity flower culture:

Longevity flowers should not be cultivated in clayey soil, otherwise it will lead to poor growth, rotten roots and leaves, and in serious cases, plant death. The basin soil was mixed with 4 parts of rotten leaf soil, 4 parts of garden soil and 2 parts of river sand, plus a small amount of bone powder. This kind of cultivated soil is loose and fertile, has good drainage performance, and shows a slightly acidic reaction, which is beneficial to the development of root system.

In the peak growing season, thin compound liquid fertilizer can be applied every 15 to 20 days to promote robust growth and luxuriant flowering. If 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 0.5% superphosphate is applied twice after flower bud formation in November, the flowers will be more, the color will be bright, and the florescence will be long.

3. Watering methods for longevity flower culture:

Longevity flowers, like other succulent flowers, contain more water and have a strong ability to resist drought, so they do not need a lot of watering. During the growth period, as long as every 2-3 days to water once, keep the basin soil slightly moist. Watering should be controlled when the temperature is low in winter. If the watering is too much, the drainage is not smooth, and the basin soil is too wet, it is easy to cause root rot.

Although longevity flowers are more drought-tolerant, they can not be short of water in the growing season and can be watered every 2-3 days. In the stage of vegetative growth, the soil must be kept moist and watered at the right time. In summer, longevity flowers can be watered once a day in the environment of high temperature, strong sunshine, large evaporation and dry air. Cold winter, longevity flowers into the dormant period, it should be controlled watering, or even not watered for a short time.

4. Lighting requirements for longevity flower culture:

Longevity flowers like plenty of sunshine, and family training should be placed in places with direct sunlight all the year round. In the northern hot summer season, the light intensity is large, which is easy to make the leaf color yellow, so it is appropriate to shade properly around noon, or put it in the half-shaded part of the room, but pay attention to ventilation and cooling. Long-term cultivation of longevity flowers, if the long-term lack of light, not only slender branches, leaves thin and small, affecting the plant shape beautiful, but also reduce the number of flowers, flowers are not bright, but also cause a large number of leaves to fall off, the loss of ornamental value.

5. Temperature requirements for longevity flower culture:

The most suitable temperature for longevity flower growth is 20-25 ℃. More than 30 ℃ or less than 10 ℃, it obviously stopped growing and entered a dormant or semi-dormant state. In winter, if the temperature is lower than 10 ℃, move into the greenhouse to survive the winter. If there are conditions, the indoor temperature can be controlled at 16: 20 ℃ during the day and 10: 15 ℃ at night, so that longevity flowers can blossom on New year's Day and Spring Festival.

The room temperature in winter should not be lower than 12 ℃. It is better to use 15: 18 ℃ in daytime and more than 10 ℃ at night. If the temperature is as low as 6: 8 ℃, the leaves will turn red and the flowering period will be delayed.

The heart-picking method of longevity flower culture

In the early stage of vigorous growth, we should pay attention to pick the heart in time, promote more branches, in order to facilitate the fullness of plant shape and improve the ornamental effect. Cut off the remaining flowers in time after the flower fade, so as not to consume nutrients and affect the number of flowers next time. The pot is usually changed after the flowers fade in spring every year. Pay attention to adding new culture soil when changing pots.

The longevity flower plant is short, the plant shape is compact, the leaf color is green, the flower color is bright, the flower cluster is surrounded, the flowering period is very long, the flowering season is during the New year and Spring Festival, it is cultivated in a small purple sand pot and placed on the windowsill or coffee table, both leaves and flowers can be seen.

Matters needing attention in longevity flower culture

1. The longevity flower has phototropism, so during the growth period, attention should be paid to changing the direction of the flowerpot, adjusting the light, making the plant receive light evenly, and promoting the development of branches to all sides. If you do not turn the pot for a long time, the plant will grow on one side and affect the ornamental effect.

2. When it is hot in summer, it should be properly shaded around noon, and ensure ventilation and cooling. If you can not accept sufficient sunlight for a long time, the branches will become weak, the flowers will be dim and the flowers will wither, and the leaves will soften and fall off and affect the ornamental.

3. The ambient temperature should be maintained above 12 ℃. If the temperature is too low, the edge of the leaf will turn red and the flowering will be delayed.

4. Longevity flower is a kind of short-day flower, which can differentiate only when the temperature is 20 ℃ and the sunshine is 8 hours. After the flower bud is formed, according to the light demand of the plant blossom, let it receive scattered light before 10:00 and after 4pm every day in summer, avoid the strong sun at noon, and cover 40% of the light with a sunshade net. Try to keep it under fluorescent lamps at night, so that summer can continue to bloom. During the growing period, in addition to shading in the middle of summer, it is also necessary to maintain a light transmittance of 60%, and give sufficient light in other seasons.

5. Longevity flowers usually change pots from September to October. The basin soil is mixed with peat, vermiculite and garden soil at 2:2:1. After changing the basin, gradually increase the light, and begin to topdressing.

Propagation methods of longevity flower culture

Longevity flowers are mostly cuttings, and they can also be propagated by sowing and tissue culture.

1. Cutting propagation: longevity flowers have strong root ability, and cutting propagation is easy to survive. The appropriate time is from March to May in spring, from August to September in late summer and early autumn, if there is a greenhouse, it can be carried out all year round. A suitable wooden box can be used as a cutting nursery bed and strictly cleaned and sterilized before use. The matrix can be loaded into the seedbed with perlite, vermiculite and peat. Select a slightly mature fleshy stem, cut it 5cm long, insert it into the seedbed, cover it with film after watering, keep it for 15-20 ℃, take root for 15-18 days, and transplant after a month.

2. Sowing and reproduction: varieties with the same plant type, flower pattern and flower color should be selected for artificial pollination. After harvest, the seeds can be sown in spring and autumn. The nursery bed can be made in a wooden case, soaked and washed with clean water before use, and then soaked in 0.1% potassium permanganate for 10 minutes and 15 minutes. The matrix can be made of 4 parts of rotten leaf soil and 4 parts of pastoral soil plus 2 parts of humus soil, fully mixed, accumulated and cooked, then dug up and screened after exposure, high-temperature disinfection before use, loaded into the sowing wooden box, compacted the soil, scraped the surface, the seeds were evenly scattered in the seedbed, covered with fine soil so that the seeds could not be seen, gently pressed with wood after sowing, and placed the seedling bed in the flume until the whole matrix permeated with water. Then cover the seedbed with a thin film and place it in a warm, shaded and ventilated place for the seeds to germinate. After sowing, the soil should be kept moist, the water should be supplied evenly, the seeds should not be dehydrated, and the temperature of the seedbed should be controlled at about 20 ℃. The film can be opened and covered for a few minutes in the morning and evening to make it ventilated and ventilated. It usually takes 12 to 15 days to grow new buds. At this time, to remove the film, weak sunlight exposure, after a period of time, can gradually increase the light, after the emergence of real leaves, with 0.05% potassium dihydrogen phosphate irrigated to promote the healthy growth of seedlings. After 2 or 3 true leaves are grown, the seedlings sown in spring can be transplanted in summer, and the seedlings sown in autumn can be transplanted before winter and maintained in the greenhouse.