What are the conditions for growing tea?

What are the conditions for growing tea? Tea planting is mainly concentrated between 16 degrees south latitude to 30 degrees north latitude, tea trees like warm and humid climate, the bud begins to sprout when the average temperature is more than 10 ℃, and the optimum temperature for growth is 20: 25 ℃; the annual precipitation is more than 1000 mm; it is suitable for growing under diffuse light, and its life is divided into seedling stage, juvenile stage, adult stage and Gagon stage.

[soil]

Red soil, yellow soil, sandy loam and brown forest soil are all suitable for tea tree growth, and the soil structure requires water retention and good water permeability. There is no hard disk layer within 1 meter of the upper layer, and the soil is required to show acidic reaction, with a PH value of 4.5 Mel 6.5 (4.5 Mel 5.5 is the most suitable). Tea tree is a calcium-disrelenting plant, with a calcareous content of less than 0.2%, and the groundwater level is below 1 meter below the surface. The reason why acidic soil is especially suitable for growing tea is that acidic soil provides suitable conditions for tea tree growth. Tea root sap contains many kinds of organic acids, which provides an ideal symbiotic environment for tea plant symbiotic root fungi in the soil. Thus, the nutrition and water conditions of tea trees are improved.

[rainfall]

Under proper soil conditions and certain management level, the yield and quality of tea mainly depend on meteorological conditions, while the effects of air temperature and rainfall on tea yield are more obvious. The suitable annual rainfall of tea trees is about 1500 mm, and the annual rainfall of most tea areas in China is between 1200 Murray 1800mm, which can basically meet the normal growth of tea trees. Too much rainfall, excessive rainfall intensity, easy to cause soil erosion, affect the growth of tea, and the tea grown has a weak taste; too little rainfall, such as the monthly rainfall of less than 50 mm during the growing period, the growth of tea trees will be restrained, resulting in slow growth of bud leaves, smaller leaf shape, shorter internodes, thick and hard leaves, affecting yield and quality.

[sunshine]

The effect of light on tea trees is mainly due to the intensity and nature of light. Tea trees have the characteristics of shade tolerance, like weak light and diffuse light. According to the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll, the blue-purple light with shorter light wave is the most, while the diffuse light is mainly blue-purple light with shorter wavelength. Therefore, there is a basis for tea trees to grow well under diffuse light conditions.

[temperature]

Too high or too low temperature has an effect on the yield and quality of tea. When the temperature is higher than 30 degrees, the growth of tea shoots is slow or even stops; the daily average temperature is higher than 35 degrees and lasts for a few days, the tea leaves will fall off, the new shoots will die, and the yield and quality will decline. Tea trees can withstand a low temperature of 18 degrees, but most tea trees suffer frost damage at-8 degrees Celsius. Due to the difference of cooling range, speed, duration, air humidity and wind strength, the damage degree of tea trees is different. After the sprouting of tea buds, if freezing injury occurs, it will have a great impact on the yield. After the tea plant was frozen, not only the physiological function was damaged, the yield decreased, but also the anthocyanins in tea leaves increased greatly, the leaves were purple-brown or the edges of mature leaves turned brown, and sometimes some dry spots appeared on the fresh leaves, thus reducing the quality of tea. In addition, the temperature difference between day and night also has an impact on the quality of tea, which can maintain the tenderness of tea shoots and improve the quality of tea.

[topography]

The main topographic conditions are elevation, slope, slope direction and so on. With the increase of altitude, the temperature and humidity change obviously. In the mountain area at a certain height, the rainfall is abundant, there are many clouds, the air humidity is high, and the diffuse light is strong, which is beneficial to the growth of tea trees, but it is not as high as possible. Above 1000 meters, there will be freezing damage. Generally choose the south slope is better. The slope should not be too large, generally requiring less than 30 degrees.