Control methods of Diseases and insect pests of Rice, Wheat and Maize in Food crops

Rice, wheat and corn account for more than half of the world's food, and diseases and insect pests are important reasons that affect the yield, so how to control them? What are the methods? Let's take a look at it together.

I. Control methods of diseases and insect pests in rice

(1) Rice blast.

1. Agricultural control: (1) selection of high-yield and disease-resistant varieties, selection of high-yield disease-resistant or disease-resistant varieties are economic and effective measures to control rice blast. For example, the new varieties such as IIyou 128, Bo Eryou 15 and Yuefengzhan, which are popularized at present, have good high yield performance, good rice quality and resistance to rice blast. However, varieties such as Qiguizao and glutinous rice were more susceptible.

(2) strengthen cultivation and management, advocate the application of more organic fertilizer, sufficient base fertilizer and early topdressing. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied in proportion, without partial application of nitrogen fertilizer.

(3) timely treatment of diseased rice straw and seed disinfection (strong essence, 2% formalin, lime water, carbendazim, etc.).

two。 Chemical control: the following chemicals can be selected per mu in the early stage of leaf blast or the initial heading stage:

(1) 20% tricyclazole wettable powder 75g 100g.

(2) 40% Daoxianling (Fuji No. 1) EC 7500ml.

(3) 2% plus 80 ml of rice (Chunleimycin) liquid.

(4) 21.2% plus 75g of heat-absorbing wettable powder.

(5) 13% Daojie (Chunsanhuan) wettable powder 130g to 150g. Spray 50kg of water.

(2) Rice sheath blight

1. Agricultural control: try to reduce the source of bacteria and strengthen cultivation management, especially to reduce the humidity of the field.

two。 Chemical control can be selected per mu:

(1) 5% Jingangmycin water agent l50,200ml.

(2) 30% Aimao EC 1215ml.

(3) 40% sclerotia net wettable powder 100g to 150g.

(4) 5% Anfu suspension 60g 100g.

(5) full panicle suspension 13g / 22g. Spray 60kg of water.

(3) Rice bacterial blight

1. Chemical control can be selected per mu:

(1) 20% Ye Qingshuang, Ye Kuning) 75-100 g wettable powder.

(2) 50 grams of 90% gram Zhuang wettable powder.

(3) 20% Longke bacteria (plug bacteria copper) suspension 100g 200g.

(4) 30% cotton kujing (trichloroisocyanuric acid) wettable powder 160ml 250g. Spray 60kg of water.

Rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis

1. Chemical control: spraying during the incubation period from tillering stage and booting stage to full heading stage, and keeping a water layer of 5 cm in the field during spraying. Generally, it is based on the city test station. Available per mu:

(1) 90% Shachongdan (Kemidan) 50-60 grams of wettable powder.

(2) 25% toxic azophos (chlorpyrifos + triazophos) EC 7080 ml.

(3) 50% Shamindan (Batan, Ledan) wettable powder 75g 100g.

(4) 5% Regent suspension 40ml / 60ml.

(5) 150 grams of 18% insecticidal double water agent + 100 ml of 50% dimethoate EC.

(6) 20% triazophos EC 100ml to 150ml.

(7) 25% parathion EC 75ml 100ml. Spray 60kg of water.

II. Control methods of diseases and insect pests of wheat

1. Seed mixing. Wheat seed dressing can control soil-borne diseases, mainly sheath blight, total erosion and root rot. Wheat seeds can be mixed with 15% pink rust rather than wet powder and 6% Likexiu suspension.

2. Seed soaking method. Wheat is treated with micro-fertilizer as seed.

3. Seed coating. Seed coating is a mechanical or manual method in which seed coating agents containing pesticides, fungicides, compound fertilizers, trace elements, plant growth regulators, slow-release agents and film-forming agents are uniformly coated on the seed surface according to a certain proportion. to form a smooth and firm film. Along with the surface of the seed, a smooth and firm film is formed.

3. Spread poisonous soil and bait.

4. Spraying 1.5% dimethoate powder 1.5 kg per mu, or spraying with 40% omethoate EC 1000-1500 times, or 50% monocrotophos EC 1500 times, has a good effect and can also treat wheat red spiders.

III. Control methods of diseases and insect pests in corn

1. Brown spot: the use of "methyl Polide" and other fungicides, combined with the use of "Shi Haomei" foliar fertilizer.

two。 Stem rot: use "Shantui + Shi Haomei" to spray the roots of corn.

3. Corn borer, armyworm, cotton bollworm: when the flower and leaf rate reaches 10% at the leaf stage or before and after heading, use methylvitamin salt products to spray evenly.

4. Maize rough dwarf disease: "Jingbo zinc" can be added in the process of controlling planthopper.

5. Corn thrips: spray control with insecticides such as imidacloprid and acetamiprid.