How to grasp the production of eggplant, melon and bean vegetables and the selection of herbicides!

Solanum, melons, beans are three types of vegetables often appear on the table, can supplement the daily needs of the human body vitamins. Then do you know how to do a good job in the production of eggplant, melon and beans? How to choose herbicides if grass grows? Let's get to know it together.

1. Solanaceous vegetables

1.6 There is a lot of rain in the month, so attention should be paid to ditching and drainage, strengthening soil cultivation, fixing plants, avoiding lodging, especially strengthening the prevention and control of destructive diseases and insect pests such as blight, blight and bacterial wilt. The early-maturing eggplant varieties planted after Qingming should be picked off the aged leaves at the lower part before and after harvest. When the plant height grows to 50 cm, the old leaves at the lower part of the eggplant should be picked off.

2. This kind of vegetable basically has eggplant, chili, tomato, potato to wait. For open field cultivation, 5~7 days before transplanting, spray 48% trifluralin EC 100~150 ml, or 48% dinochlor EC 150~300 ml, or 20% napropamide 150~200 g, or 48% alachlor 100~150 ml on the ground surface with 40~50 kg water to treat the soil. Trifluralin herbicide should be loosened 1~3 cm soil layer with hoe or rake within 24 hours after spraying, so that the pesticide can be mixed with the soil to reduce the loss caused by photolysis and improve the efficacy. Vegetables cannot be transplanted immediately after spraying, otherwise it is easy to produce phytotoxicity. Transplant them after three days, and the efficacy can last for 45~60 days.

3. After sowing, tomato was sprayed with 140~ 275ml of 22% Duer EC or 100g of 50% Prometryne per mu before seedling. After transplanting or seedling emergence, spraying 50~ 100ml of 10% Clombutrazol EC, 75~ 100ml of 35% Budesmin EC, or 100~ 125ml of 20% Naphtaline EC per mu at the 35 leaf stage of weeds can effectively control gramineous weeds. Directional spraying with 400g of 25% benazid and 10g of 50% prometryn could effectively control barnyardgrass, purslane and chenopodium. For mulch cultivation, after soil preparation and cultivation, 33% herbicide 100~ 150ml, or 72% dur 75~ 100ml, or 20% napropamide 150~ 200g can be sprayed on the ground surface with 50kg water, then sowing, seedling transplanting in nutrient pot and mulch, and the efficacy lasts for 45~60 days.

4. It is worth noting that: Solanaceous vegetables with seedbed seedlings, herbicides should be used with caution. Generally, greenhouse or greenhouse and other protected areas are used for seedling raising. The temperature in the greenhouse is high and the humidity is high. Most of the commonly used herbicides such as acetochlor and pendimethalin will have adverse effects on seedling emergence and production. However, it is safer to use napropamide. Before sowing, spray 50kg of water with 60~ 80ml of 50% napropamide EC per mu. The seedbed is required to be watered with sole water. The soil is moist when spraying. Sand land to reduce the appropriate amount, each mu with 50% napropamide EC 45 ml.

II. Melon vegetables

1, summer cucumber: 1~2 true leaves, spray 40% ethephon 2000 times 1~2 times, promote female flowers.

2. Zucchini: topdressing 1~2 times in full fruiting period, urea topdressing in late fruiting period can prolong fruiting period.

3. Luffa: less topdressing before flowering, topdressing with 40% decomposed manure water once after fruiting, topdressing 500 kg decomposed human and animal manure once every 667 square meters every 7~8 days during harvest period.

4, bitter melon: pay attention to timely harvest, should be early rather than late. Pumpkin. To prevent melons from growing, watering roots with 200 - 250 mg/l chlormequat solution, artificial pollination in rainy days and when insects are few, coating flowers with 20 - 25 mg/l 2,4-D solution to prevent fruit stalks from falling off, pressing vines for the first time when the vine grows 0.6 meters, pressing once every 0.3 - 0.5 meters for three or four times in total, when one or two melons have been produced, selecting one big, well-shaped and harmless melon to stay, picking off the rest melons, Remove the lateral vines and top and pinch.

5. Watermelon: strengthen artificial pollination, cover paper bags to prevent rain, start topdressing when growing to egg size, spray 200~300 mg/liter ethephon on fruit surface one week before harvest to sweeten melon, pull back vine strips in front of melon during melon expansion period, circle on one side of melon, and at the same time, remove core, inhibit vigorous growth, do a good job of turning melon, pay attention to ditching and drainage.

6. Melon vegetables are generally sensitive to herbicides. Chemical weeding is usually carried out after transplanting or direct seeding. When wax gourd, pumpkin, cucumber, etc. need 6~8 leaves (vine length 20~30 cm), 48% trifluralin 100~150 ml or 48% alachlor 100~150 ml can be selected per mu, 50 kg of water can be sprayed between rows, and the efficacy can be maintained for 30~60 days. Watermelon, cantaloupe, squash, melon and other relatively strong drug resistance, before sowing or after sowing before emergence, 33% herbicide 100~150 ml, 72% du 75~100 ml, 48% alachlor 100~150 ml per mu, 50 kg of water treatment surface or compartment surface, or after transplanting slow seedling, with the above several herbicides (one) directional spray can be maintained for 30~60 days. When the height of loofah and balsam pear seedlings is 50 cm, 48% alachlor 150 ml per mu is used for directional treatment of soil with 50 kg of water. The weeding of melon vegetable seedbed can be carried out after sowing or before transplanting. 48% dinosamine EC 200 ml or 33% weedstone EC 100~150 ml per mu is used for spraying soil with 150 kg of water. The weeding effect is better.

III. Beans

1. Cowpea: When the pod is set to full of branches and leaves, reapply 50% decomposed human and animal feces once, harvest 2~3 batches of tender pods, strengthen topdressing to prevent premature aging. Strengthen the control of pod borers.

2, lentils: adult stage, watering once every few days, often keep the soil moist. Kidney beans: timely harvest, strengthen the control of anthracnose, etc.

3. Before sowing (kidney beans should be applied 1~14 days before sowing), spray 100~150 ml of 48% trifluralin EC or 200 ml of 48% dinoseb EC on 100 kg of water, then mix 3~5 cm of soil, sow 5 days later. After sowing, spray soil with 48% alachlor emulsifiable solution, or 33% benethamine emulsifiable solution 100 - 150ml, or 50% prometryn wettable powder 100g, to 75 - 100kg water before seedling, or spray soil with 50% acetochlor emulsifiable solution 70 - 150ml, or 50% simazine wettable powder 66 - 200g, or 50% metribuzin wettable powder 40 - 90g, to 40 - 50kg water before seedling. Weeding after emergence to control gramineous weeds, 15% fenvalerate can be used to obtain 60~ 80ml emulsifiable concentrate per mu, or 20% Naphthizone 100~ 120ml per mu, or 10% fenvalerate emulsifiable concentrate 50~ 75ml per mu at the 3~5 leaf stage of weeds. Or after emergence with bentazon, tiger Wei, such as stem and leaf treatment.

IV. Precautions when weeding

1. Fine soil preparation. Vegetable soil treatment requires flat ground, fine soil, moist, create good conditions for weed germination, so that weed germination neat and consistent, in order to facilitate a spray, most of the weeds can be killed.

2. Control the dosage. Before weeding in vegetable fields, two accuracy must be achieved, namely, the vegetable field area should be accurate and the calculation of dosage should be accurate. Field with high organic content, microbial decomposition of herbicides, clay adsorption of herbicides. Therefore, the dosage of this kind of vegetable field should be increased appropriately, and the dosage of sandy land and thin land should be reduced appropriately. Mulched with plastic film, the soil temperature is high and the humidity is high, which can improve the efficacy, and the dosage is generally reduced by about 20%~30% compared with that of open field cultivation.

3. Choose the right time for medication. Trifluralin, anachlor, prometryn, and Shitianbu are soil treatment agents, and they also produce efficacy through the absorption of young roots and sprouts of weeds to inhibit weed growth. It is usually applied before crop emergence or planting. Herbicides for stem and leaf treatment are absorbed into plants through stems and leaves of weeds to destroy their division tissues. The application time should be at the 3~6 leaf stage of grass weeds.

4. Soil treatment must be sprayed after rain or watering. That is, when the soil moisture content is 20%~30%, the pesticide is applied. Trifluralin should be mixed 2~3 cm deep in time after spraying to prevent photolysis failure. Other types of herbicides generally protect the surface of the soil, avoid mixing and trampling.

5. Beware of residue. There are many varieties of vegetables with different growth periods. When selecting herbicides, varieties with short duration should be selected to avoid and reduce residues on vegetable products and ensure food safety.

6. Sunlight greenhouse and greenhouse in the use of herbicides, high temperature should pay attention to ventilation, so as not to produce phytotoxicity. Cucumbers are sensitive to trifluralin and prometryne, and to fields that have been used with these herbicides in previous crops. Attention should be paid to avoiding application and subsequent crops.