What chemical fertilizer does millet top dressing use? What should we pay attention to when applying fertilizer? (with high-yield fertilization techniques)

Millet is a crop that needs a lot of fertilizer, so we must have a good grasp of fertilization in order to have a bumper harvest, so what kind of chemical fertilizer should be used for millet topdressing? What should be paid attention to in fertilizing? How to fertilize millet for high yield? Details are as follows:

First, phosphate fertilizer: promote millet growth and maturity, sufficient phosphate fertilizer after flowering can reduce blighted grains and increase 1000-grain weight. The period of millet absorbing the most phosphorus is consistent with that of nitrogen uptake. The absorption from jointing to panicle differentiation accounts for 50% of the total absorption in a lifetime, and from heading to flowering accounts for about 20% of the total absorption. The results showed that in the early growth stage, that is, the young panicle differentiation stage, a large amount of phosphorus absorbed from the soil was accumulated in the young spikes of young newborn tissues such as stems, leaves and young roots, and a large amount of phosphorus was needed in the grains after flowering and filling. It mainly depends on the transfer of phosphorus accumulated in the early plant to the grain. Therefore, the phosphorus nutrition conditions in the early growth stage have a significant impact on the yield.

Second, nitrogen fertilizer: to promote luxuriant stems and leaves, large spikes and many grains. Millet absorbs little nitrogen because the seedlings grow slowly before jointing. During the one-month period from jointing to panicle differentiation, nitrogen uptake increased rapidly due to the simultaneous growth of stems and leaves and the development of young panicles, which accounted for 3. 3% of the total nitrogen uptake in the whole growth period. The grain ear grows rapidly from heading to flowering, and the amount of nitrogen absorbed accounts for 20% of the total absorption, and then the absorption of nitrogen is very little.

Third, potash fertilizer: enhance the toughness of millet stalk, reduce lodging and improve resistance. At the same time, it can promote the transport of nutrients to the grain and increase the grain weight. Millet absorbs the most potassium before heading. Millet is a densely planted crop, seed and millet grass are rich in nutrition. The plant is luxuriant, the root system is developed, and extends in the shallow layer of the soil, which needs to absorb a lot of nutrients from the surface soil. According to the data, for every 100 kg of spring millet, about 4.7 kg of nitrogen, 1.6 kg of phosphorus and 5.7 kg of potassium are absorbed from the soil; for every 100 kg of summer millet, about 2.5 kg of nitrogen, 1.2 kg of phosphorus and 2.4 kg of potassium are absorbed. The law that millet needs fertilizer in its lifetime is that it needs less fertilizer at seedling stage and mature stage, and more fertilizer at jointing to heading stage. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 2:1:2.

1. Base fertilizer and seed fertilizer. The application of sufficient base fertilizer is the basis for achieving high yield of millet. All organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, micro-fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer of about 1 / 3 can be applied as base fertilizer. The application of seed fertilizer is also an effective measure to increase yield. About 3 kg of diammonium phosphate or urea is used every 667 square meters, and it is applied in the ditch with the seeds when sowing. If the soil is dry, we should pay attention to reduce the amount of fertilizer, and properly separate the seeds from the fertilizer, so as not to affect seedling emergence.

two。 Jointing fertilizer. Topdressing should be applied immediately after jointing in medium and low fertility conditions and de-fertilised plots. The amount of fertilizer applied accounts for 45% to 50% of the total nitrogen fertilizer. In areas with short frost-free period and varieties with long growth period, early application and re-application of jointing fertilizer should be applied to avoid millet ripening late. Jointing fertilizer should be applied lightly in high-yield fields with good soil fertility and sufficient basic fertilizer, and jointing fertilizer should account for less than 30% of the total nitrogen. Simplified cultivation can combine jointing fertilizer and panicle fertilizer into one application, and the fertilization time is later than jointing fertilizer, but not later than booting stage.

3. Ear fat. Panicle fertilizer is applied 7-10 days before heading, high-yield fields must increase the amount of panicle fertilizer, 40%-50% of total nitrogen is used as panicle fertilizer, and 20%-25% of total nitrogen is used as panicle fertilizer in low-yield fields. Panicle fertilizer application can be combined with ploughing and watering. If there is a phenomenon of de-fertilization during the flowering period of millet, a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be applied combined with watering, especially the sandy soil with poor fertilizer conservation capacity should increase the times of topdressing and supplement fertilizer at any time. During the filling period, the method of spraying fertilizer outside the root can be used as appropriate, spraying 0.5%-1% urea solution or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, spraying 50-60 kg per 667 square meters, which can prolong the functional period of leaves and increase grain weight.

4. Boron spray on the leaves. When using foliar boron spraying, the concentration, dosage, spraying period and times of boric acid solution should be correctly applied.

Rational fertilization for high yield of millet. Before sowing, combined with deep ploughing and soil preparation, base fertilizer is applied at one time, which is mainly farm manure, and the effect is better if phosphate fertilizer is mixed with it. The application of seed fertilizer can meet the nutrient needs of millet after emergence, generally applying 5 kg ammonium phosphate per mu.