When is the best time for grape grafting? What grafting methods are recommended?

Grape is one of the oldest fruit tree species in the world. it is native to western Asia and is cultivated all over the world. So, when is the better time for grape grafting? What grafting methods are recommended?

Grape grafting with shoots and buds not only saves wood for scion, high survival rate, convenient operation and long grafting time, but also can be re-grafted if it does not survive, especially for high grafting of big trees. The technology of shoot bud grafting is introduced as follows.

I. selection of scion and rootstock

The scion should select the robust new shoots of the current excellent varieties in Xinjiang, such as Hongti, Heidi and so on, remove the leaves and keep the petiole 1cm long. Rootstocks can generally be used for cultivation and wild thorn grapes, or non-ideal large and small grapevines can be grafted on the semi-lignified shoots around the crown. There are three conditions for the selection of rootstocks: ① has good compatibility in grafting, which not only shows good healing of the joint, but also has a good effect on scion varieties, so that the excellent characters of scion varieties can be perfectly displayed, and the excellent characters of scion varieties are not premature senescence and long life; ② has wide adaptability and can expand the cultivation range of cultivated varieties; ③ is easy to propagate and easy to popularize. Scion is picked with picking, pay attention to moisturizing.

Second, grafting time

It is suitable for shoot grafting from the beginning of May to the end of July, and early grafting is better than late grafting.

3. Grafting method

1. Split joint

It is the same as the ordinary splitting method. For the wounds and petioles and tendril wounds exposed at the upper end of the scion, use a film to seal and moisturize, similar to wearing a cap.

two。 Long splice

Cut with ordinary, make full use of the length of grape internodes to create a larger healing surface. At the 1ach3 of the wider side of the scion, use a double-sided blade to cut straight and smooth from bottom to top to the bud (node). The rootstock is corresponding and the ear rootstock can be wrapped closely.

3. Bud grafting

The bud is grafted on the internodes of the new shoots of the rootstock, the internodes are straight and smooth, and are easy to be grafted. The buds were inoculated on May 17 and the buds grew 4 cm and 2 leaves on June 6. The grafting bud can also be grafted on the bud position of the rootstock, the bud is replaced with the bud, and then wrapped with plastic film, this method has little effect on the new shoot growth and fruit of the rootstock.

IV. Post-management

The survival was checked after 7 days of grafting, and those who did not survive could be regrafted, and the shoots could sprout about 15 days after grafting. The secondary shoots (sprouting tillers) produced from the top and bottom of the grafting site consume a lot of nutrients, and the growth of buds that are not conducive to marriage should be erased as appropriate. If the interface binding does not affect the growth of the branch, it does not need to be removed, but the film seal should be cut in time to facilitate the shade of the new shoot. At the same time, it is necessary to set up pillars and tie them up step by step, and strengthen fertilizer and water management and pest control. The height grafting of big trees can be used to connect many varieties of early, middle and late maturity at the same time, but each variety should be marked well so as not to make mistakes in picking scions. Grafted seedling management is one of the main factors affecting grape grafting survival rate, timely management, in place, high survival rate, otherwise the survival rate is low. In production, in addition to normal shaping and pruning, heart-picking on shelves, fertilizer and water management, pest control, budding treatment after grafting, timely release of binding band, inspection of survival rate and timely replacement are indispensable measures to improve the survival rate of grafting.

Fifth, the efficacy and function of grapes

Grapes are not only delicious, but also have high nutritional value. The sugar content of grapes in ripe berries is as high as 10%, 30%, mainly glucose. A variety of fruit acids in grapes can help digestion. Eating more grapes properly can strengthen your stomach and strengthen your stomach.

Grapes contain mineral calcium, potassium, phosphorus, iron and a variety of vitamins B1, B2, B6, C and P, as well as a variety of amino acids needed by the human body. Eating grapes is of great benefit to neurasthenia and fatigue.

The darker the grape is, the more flavonoids it contains, but if you eat grape skins and grape seeds together, they have a better protective effect on the heart.

Compared with other fruits, the variety of grape products is much richer. According to the daily needs, storage and transportation requirements of processed products, nutrition and health care and other factors, people also process grapes into raisins, grape juice, grape seed beverages, grape seed oil and other common products.