How to prevent forest pests? What are the common pesticides used in forestry?

In recent years, with the frequent global trade, exotic pests such as American white moth, red resin bark beetle, pine wood nematode, pine garden scale and other serious forest pests spread into China, and caused serious damage to forest resources and ecological environment. So how to control forestry diseases and insect pests? What are the commonly used forestry pesticides?

The prevention and control of forestry diseases and insect pests mainly include biological pesticides and chemical pesticides.

Biological pesticide

It mainly includes biological natural enemies, microbial pesticides and agricultural antibiotics.

Among them, biological natural enemies include pine caterpillar virus, gypsy moth virus, spring inchworm virus, American white moth virus, tea inchworm virus, microsporidia and swollen-legged wasps, Trichogramma, Zhou's wasps, aphids, ladybugs and other parasitic and predatory natural enemies.

Microbial pesticides are a large category of biological pesticides, including bacterial, fungal and viral pesticides, fungicides and herbicides that directly use bacteria or fermentation broth. Among them, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillus thuringiersis,Bt.) Class preparation is the most widely used, the longest time of development, the largest yield and the most successful application of biological insecticides in the world. it has been widely used in the control of many important Lepidoptera pests in forestry. fungal biological insecticides are mainly entomopathogenic fungi, there are more than 700 kinds, and there are Beauveria bassiana, Penicillium bassiana, Penicillium bassiana, Paecilomyces and so on. Among them, Beauveria bassiana and Beauveria bassiana have been on the market.

Agricultural antibiotics are secondary metabolites produced by bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and other microorganisms in the process of fermentation, which can inhibit some pests harmful to crops. At present, the most important insecticidal antibiotics at home and abroad are avermectin, Chunrimycin, insecticidal, polyoxymycin, aphid, Shaoguanmycin, acaricidal, Liuyangmycin, insecticidal B41 (milpithromycin, avermycin), Nanchang mycin and so on.

Chemical pesticide

Compared with biological pesticides, chemical pesticides have the advantages of high efficacy and quick effect.

The chemical pesticides commonly used in forestry mainly include:

Insecticides and acaricides (deltamethrin, cypermethrin, cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, flubenzuron, flufenuron, diflubenzuron, imidacloprid, phenoxarb, methamidoprim, acetamiprid, fipronil, fipronil, fipronil), fungicides (stone sulfur mixture, mancozeb, carbendazim, chlorothalonil, triadimefon, triadimefon, nitrile, isobacteria, flumorph) and rodenticide (fluorophen, bromadiolone, rodenticide) Sterile agent, repellent).

► according to incomplete statistics, the registered objects of forestry drug use in China are mainly:

Pine caterpillar, American white moth, dried longicorn beetle, bamboo locust, poplar boat moth, canker, rodent, etc., but there are not many special products for forestry. The registered varieties of pesticides are glyphosate, Bacillus thuringiensis, dichlorvos, atrazine, phoxim, ethenyl, omethoate, thiram, Beauveria bassiana, thirteen morpholine and so on.

In terms of dosage forms, ► has few special dosage forms. At present, the main registered dosage forms are:

EC, suspending agent, microcapsule, wettable powder, bait, etc. According to statistics, the amount of pesticides used in forestry in China was about 30,000 tons in 2016, and the top three products were diflubenzuron, stone sulfur mixture and abamecarbazide.