How can sugar tangerine be planted in order to be healthy and high quality? Let's listen to the experience of this grower.

Sugar orange is cultivated in many areas of our country, but sugar orange is prone to plant degradation, short life span, unstable yield and other problems, so how to grow sugar orange in order to be healthy and high quality? Let's listen to the experience of this grower.

1. Choose and purchase high-quality disease-free seedlings

As the saying goes, through a small part to see the whole, citrus planting is also the same, the quality of seedlings is directly related to the late development of fruit trees. Seedlings are the foundation of sugar orange industry, and healthy and high quality seedlings can ensure the sustainable development of sugar orange industry.

When purchasing seedlings, fruit farmers must choose regular institutions or manufacturers to buy qualified disease-free seedlings.

Requirements for high-quality seedlings: the height of the grafting interface is 0.6 cm, the height is 50 cm, it is better to have more than 3 complete branches, and the root system is intact.

2. Reasonable planned close planting

Sugar orange has the characteristics of early high yield, the purpose of planned close planting is to make use of early free land and space to increase the early yield of orchard, which is about twice as high as that of normal management orchard.

In the sixth year of planned close planting, fruit trees will begin to be closed, affecting fruit quality. Measures such as simple pruning or thinning can be taken to increase the ventilation and light of the orchard. Although planned close planting has obvious advantages, the requirements and management costs for orchard management are also relatively high.

3. Management of young tree stage

The two years after planting to before flowering is the young tree stage, and the focus of management at this time is to strengthen tree nutrition, reasonable pruning, and cultivate strong crown skeleton and good root system.

Key points of management in the first year

Pruning after planting

After planting, the main branches were cut short with 5-6 leaves to promote the germination of new shoots, and 3-4 shoots with uniform growth, medium growth and uniform distribution were selected as secondary main branches, and the new shoots were cut short again after they were ripe.

Summer shoots of young trees can be placed twice.

Summer shoots sprout more robust branches, and summer shoots can be used to increase the number of branches in young trees, which is beneficial to early fruiting, so young trees can be put in summer shoots twice, the first in early May and the second in mid-July. When putting summer shoots, measures should be taken to remove early buds and promote uniform development of summer shoots. After each batch of shoots are ripe, 6-8 leaves should be left short, which can promote the germination of new shoots. The principle of fertilization in shoot stage is thin fertilizer and shallow application.

Young trees begin to put out autumn shoots after the middle of August, and the method and management are the same as summer shoots.

Key points of management in the second year

The main task of the fruit trees in the second year is to arrange the shoot period reasonably and enlarge the crown. The amount of fertilizer applied in the shoot stage is more than double that of the first year.

4. Management of the result period

After careful management in the first two years, the canopy, skeleton and branch system of sugar orange have been initially formed, which can enter the initial fruit stage in the third year and the full fruit period in the fifth year.

As for the management of fruit trees, Deng Chongling, a researcher from Guangxi Special Institute, stressed: we must pay attention to protecting flowers and fruits, ensuring an annual output of about 6,000 to 8,000 jin, and ensuring fruit quality.

(1) Flower and fruit preservation is the key.

Sugar orange takes spring shoots as fruiting branches, and the quantity and quality of spring shoots directly affect the flowering amount of fruit trees, so the application of spring shoot fertilizer before spring shoot germination can promote shoots and flowers. Combined with spring shoot pruning and shoot thinning, it can reduce nutrient consumption, balance tree potential and adjust yield in the early stage. There are a lot of orange flowers with sugar, but the falling flowers are serious, so it is necessary to spray foliar fertilizer (borax or potassium dihydrogen phosphate) at flowering stage to protect flowers. Sugar orange has two physiological fruit drop periods, and the amount of fruit drop in the second physiological fruit drop period is relatively large. Gibberellic acid can be sprayed after 70% of the 80% flowers in the whole garden to protect the fruit. When the physiological fruit falls to the ideal fruit quantity, ring cutting can be carried out to promote flower bud differentiation and improve fruit quality.

(2) Summer and autumn shoots

As a result, the summer shoot germination of the tree will compete with the fruit for nutrients, and the early summer shoot will be collected from the end of April to the beginning of May, combined with summer cutting off dense branches, disease and insect branches, short long branches and unfruited branches. The shoot control ended in mid-July and began to release summer shoots and autumn shoots in the first and middle of August. 15 days before the autumn shoot application of strong fruit fertilizer: each plant applied bean cake or wheat bran 1.5-3 kg, biological fertilizer about 1 kg.

In addition, sugar tangerine should be fertilized immediately after harvest to supplement tree nutrition, and at the same time strengthen winter pruning and thorough garden cleaning to ensure high and stable yield in the coming year.

Tips:

What is the "three avoidance" technology?

The "three avoidance" technology is also one of the characteristic management techniques of Lipu sugar tangerine, that is, covering fruit trees with film during fruit coloring period can avoid cold, rain and sun, which is beneficial to fruit coloring and reduce the use of pesticides. It can also prolong the shelf life of fruit and improve the quality and profit of fruit. It should be noted that a comprehensive pest control should be carried out before mulching.