How can plastic film potato be high-yielding? You'll know after reading it!

Plastic film potato is a new and efficient planting method recently, and the benefit is very considerable. Most of the growth period of plastic film potato is in the winter leisure stage, and plastic film mulching has the effects of increasing temperature and moisturizing, neat emergence, early expansion, yield and income, so it is an efficient planting method for planting potato in winter and spring. So what can be done to produce high yields?

In fact, the cultivation of potato covered with plastic film can effectively increase the soil temperature and promote the early ripening of potatoes. Generally, the yield can be increased by 20% per mu by 50%, and the rate of large potatoes is increased by about 25%. Let's talk about the method of high yield technology of plastic film potato in detail. Friends who want to get high yield should look carefully.

First, select improved varieties and plastic film.

Fine soil preparation and adequate base fertilizer. Disease-resistant, high-yield and high-quality varieties such as Lishu 6 and Litu 7 were selected to popularize the sowing of small whole potatoes. The plastic film is 90-100cm wide and 0.008 mm thick. Choose the land with flat terrain, deep soil layer and high fertility, fine soil preparation, avoid continuous cropping, and beans are better in the previous crop. 3000 kg of mature farm manure, 25 kg of urea, 20 kg of diammonium phosphate and 15-20 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu as base fertilizer.

Second, cut seeds and sterilize.

Cut the seeds 2 days before sowing, soak the knife with 75% alcohol or 0.3% potassium permanganate solution to disinfect the seed potato, cut the seed potato into 25 Murray 50-gram cubes, leave 1 Murray 2 buds for each cut, take apical buds as far as possible, and cut longitudinally. 100 kg potato cubes are soaked or sprayed with 25% nail cream manganese zinc 100 grams and a small amount of water, and then sowed after drying, which can kill some germs inside and outside the seed potato.

Third, sow seeds at the right time.

It is usually in the middle and late April. There are two ways can be used: one is to cover the film first and then sow, the first is to cover the seeds on the ridge according to the row spacing of 30-40 cm and 15-25 cm, the early and middle-mature varieties are 5500-6500 per mu, and then cover the soil; the second is to sow first and then cover the seeds with plastic film, and then cover the seeds with ridge film, and cover the soil 3-5 cm on the film one week before germination to avoid burning seedlings at high temperature.

Fourth, strengthen field management.

The main results are as follows: 1. For those who sow first and then cover with plastic film, the seedlings should be broken and released in time. Potatoes will emerge one after another after 25-30 days of sowing, and the seedlings should be broken and released in time, and the soil pressure film should be covered in time to prevent gale drum film. For those who are covered with plastic film before sowing, the seedlings should be led out of the film to prevent burning, and the film holes should be sealed with wet soil to prevent moisture loss. After most of the seedlings were unearthed, they were replanted or transplanted in the holes where the seedlings did not emerge to cultivate strong seedlings.

2. Ploughing, weeding and weeding to cultivate the soil, and after emergence, the first intertillage should be carried out to cultivate the soil. It is appropriate to expose 4 leaves of potato top leaves in thickness. 10 days later, the soil should be cultivated for the second time, when the ridge should be high and the soil should be thick. To strengthen fertilizer and water management, early and middle-maturing varieties should be irrigated in time when 60% of the seedlings emerge, and topdressing should be carried out before budding combined with the growth of the field.

3. Timely chemical control of flower picking, for a large number of fruiting varieties, it is necessary to remove flower buds, save nutrients and promote underground tuber formation. The mid-late maturity variety is easy to grow. In the budding stage of potato, when the plant height exceeds 30cm, 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder 90~120ppm is sprayed with water to control the growth of plant height.

Fifth, harvest.

When most of the stems and leaves of the plant began to harvest, diseased, injured and deformed potatoes were removed after harvest, and stacked in a cool and ventilated place, so that the tubers dissipated heat and dehumidification, mechanical damage healed, and the epidermis thickened. Remove the waste film in the field in time after harvest to prevent white pollution.

Also pay attention to the watering problem of potatoes covered with plastic film:

1. Before emergence: do not topdressing and watering, the key point is to increase light to prevent wind, snow and rain from damaging the arch shed.

2. Seedling stage: those who cover the plastic film should be assisted to break the film in time; those who grow in the open field should paddle and hoe in time after rain or watering to break the hard shell, so that the seedlings can be unearthed smoothly and promote the seedlings to be full, whole and strong. Watering at the seedling stage should depend on the soil moisture. If the soil moisture is good, it can not be watered to avoid lowering the ground temperature.

3. Budding stage: after the potato seedlings come out, the main goal is to promote the growth of seedlings and build a high-yield shelf. The key point of management is not to water without drought, not to overrun the top of the ridge when watering, and to plough and cultivate the soil, and finally form a square shoulder ridge before closing the ridge, so as to create a good condition for tuber formation. Pay attention to do not damage the functional leaves when cultivating the soil, and those who are short of fertilizer should be topdressing in time, which can be applied in holes or with watering. Large, medium and small arch sheds should gradually increase the ventilation time, and after "Grain Rain", the protective facilities can be removed according to the weather conditions.

4. Tuber-forming period: potato tubers begin to form potatoes after budding, and rapidly expand at flowering stage. At this time, the amount of water should be increased. If it does not rain, three water should be watered continuously, and each water should be watered at an interval of 5 cents for 7 days. Small water should be poured, and large water should not be overrun. The principle of watering is to keep the soil moist without causing stagnant water in the field. During this period, we should also pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, especially potato blight, which should be based on prevention in advance, but it is difficult to prevent once the disease occurs.

5. Harvest time: watering of potatoes should be stopped 10 days before harvest.