Is it always bad to grow vegetables in the greenhouse? That's because you haven't mastered the main technical points. Let's see what the experts say!

Greenhouse vegetables refer to the vegetables grown in the greenhouse covered with plastic film. But artificially control the vegetable market season. In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standards, the pursuit of quality of life is getting higher and higher, thus promoting the rapid development of agricultural greenhouses. More and more farmers begin to try to grow vegetables in greenhouse. However, many greenhouse vegetable growers report that their greenhouse yield is not high and there are many diseases. The key points of greenhouse planting techniques reminded by experts are as follows:

1. Determine the reasonable planting time.

The benefit of vegetables in greenhouse depends to a large extent on the time of planting, out-of-season vegetables, the highest benefit period is around spring, and the planting time before and after spring should be determined as the highest yield period as the basis. From one crop a year to 70% now, the planting period is generally as follows: the planting period of one crop a year is in the first and middle of October, while the first crop is in the first and middle of July, and the second crop is from December to January of the following year. This kind of planting time benefit is higher.

2. Select improved varieties with high yield and disease resistance.

Improved varieties are the internal cause of increasing production. High-yield cultivation techniques can not be separated from improved varieties. The use of greenhouse facilities to grow out-of-season vegetables depends on sufficient light and heat resources, mainly growing tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, peppers, beans, melons and other vegetables. The selection of good varieties generally increases the yield by 10% to 20%, and the benefit increases by more than 10%.

3. Reasonable shed type.

The greenhouse is divided into five types. In the cultivation of vegetables, the greenhouse type should be selected according to the different temperature requirements of vegetables, or the type of vegetables should be determined according to their own greenhouse type. Only in this way can the ideal yield of vegetables be obtained.

4. Formula fertilization.

Fertilization is the basis of increasing production, and high vegetable yield takes away a lot of nutrients, so it is an important guarantee to increase the application of base fertilizer. Generally, the yield per mu is 10 ~ 20,000 jin, and the basic application of fully mature organic fertilizer is 10 ~ 20,000 jin, and it should be matched with quick-acting chemical fertilizer. to achieve long-term and quick-acting compatibility. The most available chemical fertilizers are ternary compound and diammonium phosphate. In addition, it is also necessary to apply a certain amount of iron, boron, molybdenum trace elements and medium element fertilizers such as calcium and sulfur. Entering the melon-bearing period, it is necessary to apply a certain amount of fertilizer along with the water.

5. Selection of greenhouse film.

The selection of greenhouse film has a great influence on the yield, and then affects the benefit of planting. Greenhouse film according to different materials of PVC, polyethylene, EVA film, according to the function is divided into longevity non-drip film, semi-drip film, anti-fog film and so on. Reasonable selection should be made according to different kinds of vegetables, polyvinyl chloride film should be used to grow cucumber, and polyethylene or EVA film should be chosen to grow tomato. Because tomato belongs to the type of temperature and light, but it is more tolerant to weak light and low temperature, these two kinds of film can meet the requirements of tomato growth. Planting eggplant should choose EVA film, this kind of film has high light transmittance, anti-aging, no drop and good anti-fog, eggplant color is good.

6. Grafting technology.

Vegetable grafting is an effective measure to increase yield. Depending on the resistance of rootstocks, it can increase root absorption and prevent some intractable diseases, which is more practical in old vegetable areas. The kinds of grafted plants are cucumber, eggplant, chili and tomato. The methods of grafting include relying on grafting, inserting and splitting. For example, cucumber grafting with black-seeded pumpkin or white-seeded pumpkin not only solves cucumber Fusarium wilt, but also increases the absorption range of roots, drought and cold resistance. Tolubam grafted eggplant has a control effect of more than 95% on Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt, and fundamentally solves the harm of hungry root nematode disease. Pepper blight is a destructive disease, which can be basically controlled by grafting.

7. Ridging cultivation.

Ridging cultivation is an important measure in vegetable production, and it is more meaningful in off-season deep winter cultivation. It can increase the light area of the land, increase the ground temperature, facilitate watering and fertilization, and is a good measure for many kinds of vegetable cultivation. The ridging cultivation of pepper can obviously reduce the occurrence of root rot and blight.

8. Covered with plastic film.

Plastic film mulching is another important technology of vegetable cultivation in greenhouse, which can effectively reduce the humidity in the greenhouse, reduce the conditions of disease, increase the ground temperature, make the fruit colored well, reduce the times of medication, reflect light and increase the intensity of light on the leaves.

9. Two membranes are clamped into one film.

Adding floating film on the grass curtain is another measure to increase production in the last five or six years, especially in the rainy and snowy days in deep winter, which increases by 1 / 2 ℃ compared with the night without floating film, greatly reduces the risk of labor intensity and prolongs the service life of grass curtains.

10. Integrated pest control technology.

In greenhouse vegetable production, due to the change of field microclimate, the occurrence of various diseases is more serious than that of open field cultivation. The key to high yield is to do a good job in pest control. There are 27 kinds of cucumber diseases and insect pests, 43 kinds of tomatoes, 21 kinds of sweet (spicy) peppers and several kinds of legumes. It is very important to prevent and treat these diseases and insect pests timely and accurately. According to the requirements of standardized production, agricultural measures, physical measures and biological measures should be adopted to scientifically use pesticides with high efficiency, low toxicity and low residues.